From 989fa83fde9c09848f3f2de27496d8faf7ea89dd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Andreas Tsouchlos Date: Mon, 9 Sep 2024 17:24:16 +0200 Subject: [PATCH] Add various simulation results --- presentation.tex | 2 +- .../INT_SQuad_TIA_ConvGain_vs_LOPow.csv | 62 +++++ .../INT_SQuad_TIA_ConvGain_vs_RFFreq.csv | 32 +++ .../INT_SQuad_TIA_ConvGain_vs_RFPow.csv | 18 ++ res/simulation/SQuad_NFdsb.csv | 72 ++++++ res/simulation/SQuad_OP_s21_vs_VBE.csv | 72 ++++++ res/simulation/TIA_OP_MaxGain_vs_IC.csv | 22 ++ res/simulation/TIA_OP_NFmin_vs_IC.csv | 22 ++ sections/02_proposed_ideas.tex | 5 +- sections/03_simulation_results.tex | 229 +++++++++++++++++- sections/05_conclusion.tex | 7 +- 11 files changed, 533 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-) create mode 100644 res/simulation/INT_SQuad_TIA_ConvGain_vs_LOPow.csv create mode 100644 res/simulation/INT_SQuad_TIA_ConvGain_vs_RFFreq.csv create mode 100644 res/simulation/INT_SQuad_TIA_ConvGain_vs_RFPow.csv create mode 100644 res/simulation/SQuad_NFdsb.csv create mode 100644 res/simulation/SQuad_OP_s21_vs_VBE.csv create mode 100644 res/simulation/TIA_OP_MaxGain_vs_IC.csv create mode 100644 res/simulation/TIA_OP_NFmin_vs_IC.csv diff --git a/presentation.tex b/presentation.tex index e300a37..7ebbe49 100644 --- a/presentation.tex +++ b/presentation.tex @@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ in D-Band} %\input{sections/01_background_and_intro.tex} \input{sections/02_proposed_ideas.tex} \input{sections/03_simulation_results.tex} -\input{sections/04_discussion.tex} +%\input{sections/04_discussion.tex} \input{sections/05_conclusion.tex} \input{sections/question_slide.tex} diff --git a/res/simulation/INT_SQuad_TIA_ConvGain_vs_LOPow.csv b/res/simulation/INT_SQuad_TIA_ConvGain_vs_LOPow.csv new file mode 100644 index 0000000..deb6520 --- /dev/null +++ b/res/simulation/INT_SQuad_TIA_ConvGain_vs_LOPow.csv @@ -0,0 +1,62 @@ +LOPow,ConvGain +-50.000,-32.007 +-49.000,-31.007 +-48.000,-30.007 +-47.000,-29.007 +-46.000,-28.007 +-45.000,-27.007 +-44.000,-26.007 +-43.000,-25.007 +-42.000,-24.007 +-41.000,-23.008 +-40.000,-22.008 +-39.000,-21.008 +-38.000,-20.009 +-37.000,-19.009 +-36.000,-18.010 +-35.000,-17.011 +-34.000,-16.012 +-33.000,-15.013 +-32.000,-14.015 +-31.000,-13.017 +-30.000,-12.019 +-29.000,-11.023 +-28.000,-10.027 +-27.000,-9.032 +-26.000,-8.039 +-25.000,-7.047 +-24.000,-6.058 +-23.000,-5.071 +-22.000,-4.088 +-21.000,-3.109 +-20.000,-2.135 +-19.000,-1.168 +-18.000,-0.210 +-17.000,0.738 +-16.000,1.672 +-15.000,2.589 +-14.000,3.484 +-13.000,4.354 +-12.000,5.189 +-11.000,5.983 +-10.000,6.725 +-9.000,7.401 +-8.000,7.993 +-7.000,8.479 +-6.000,8.823 +-5.000,8.969 +-4.000,8.801 +-3.000,8.028 +-2.000,5.686 +-1.000,-2.683 +0.000,-25.690 +1.000,-26.401 +2.000,-25.561 +3.000,-24.196 +4.000,-24.651 +5.000,-26.474 +6.000,-28.934 +7.000,-31.025 +8.000,-33.569 +9.000,-36.703 +10.000,-39.030 diff --git a/res/simulation/INT_SQuad_TIA_ConvGain_vs_RFFreq.csv b/res/simulation/INT_SQuad_TIA_ConvGain_vs_RFFreq.csv new file mode 100644 index 0000000..eada6ab --- /dev/null +++ b/res/simulation/INT_SQuad_TIA_ConvGain_vs_RFFreq.csv @@ -0,0 +1,32 @@ +RFFreq,ConvGain +110.000,3.992 +112.000,4.476 +114.000,4.977 +116.000,5.492 +118.000,6.019 +120.000,6.555 +122.000,7.094 +124.000,7.627 +126.000,8.147 +128.000,8.642 +130.000,9.098 +132.000,9.479 +134.000,9.707 +136.000,9.681 +138.000,9.402 +140.000,8.969 +142.000,8.462 +144.000,7.916 +146.000,7.344 +148.000,6.759 +150.000,6.169 +152.000,5.582 +154.000,5.004 +156.000,4.437 +158.000,3.886 +160.000,3.351 +162.000,2.833 +164.000,2.332 +166.000,1.848 +168.000,1.380 +170.000,0.929 diff --git a/res/simulation/INT_SQuad_TIA_ConvGain_vs_RFPow.csv b/res/simulation/INT_SQuad_TIA_ConvGain_vs_RFPow.csv new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9b831b4 --- /dev/null +++ b/res/simulation/INT_SQuad_TIA_ConvGain_vs_RFPow.csv @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +RFPow,ConvGain +-60.000,-11.023 +-55.000,-6.023 +-50.000,-1.024 +-45.000,3.975 +-40.000,8.969 +-35.000,13.951 +-30.000,18.894 +-25.000,23.709 +-20.000,28.073 +-15.000,31.036 +-10.000,32.216 +-5.000,31.876 +0.000,25.286 +5.000,-0.749 +10.000,-15.953 +15.000,-20.277 +20.000,-25.653 diff --git a/res/simulation/SQuad_NFdsb.csv b/res/simulation/SQuad_NFdsb.csv new file mode 100644 index 0000000..cb40760 --- /dev/null +++ b/res/simulation/SQuad_NFdsb.csv @@ -0,0 +1,72 @@ +VBE,NFdsb +0.500,6.927 +0.510,6.751 +0.520,6.602 +0.530,6.477 +0.540,6.371 +0.550,6.281 +0.560,6.205 +0.570,6.140 +0.580,6.086 +0.590,6.042 +0.600,6.008 +0.610,5.986 +0.620,5.980 +0.630,6.000 +0.640,6.058 +0.650,6.165 +0.660,6.319 +0.670,6.503 +0.680,6.708 +0.690,6.979 +0.700,9.496 +0.710,7.345 +0.720,7.358 +0.730,7.505 +0.740,7.661 +0.750,7.818 +0.760,7.974 +0.770,8.130 +0.780,8.288 +0.790,8.447 +0.800,8.607 +0.810,8.770 +0.820,8.936 +0.830,9.106 +0.840,9.279 +0.850,9.457 +0.860,9.642 +0.870,9.837 +0.880,10.046 +0.890,10.275 +0.900,10.530 +0.910,10.824 +0.920,11.175 +0.930,11.613 +0.940,12.192 +0.950,12.977 +0.960,14.002 +0.970,15.432 +0.980,17.243 +0.990,19.360 +1.000,21.622 +1.010,23.878 +1.020,26.107 +1.030,28.301 +1.040,30.459 +1.050,32.555 +1.060,34.501 +1.070,36.153 +1.080,37.295 +1.090,37.907 +1.100,38.153 +1.110,39.592 +1.120,41.623 +1.130,42.881 +1.140,44.329 +1.150,45.893 +1.160,47.491 +1.170,49.075 +1.180,50.611 +1.190,52.057 +1.200,53.232 diff --git a/res/simulation/SQuad_OP_s21_vs_VBE.csv b/res/simulation/SQuad_OP_s21_vs_VBE.csv new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a3fd3f1 --- /dev/null +++ b/res/simulation/SQuad_OP_s21_vs_VBE.csv @@ -0,0 +1,72 @@ +VBE,s21 +0.500,-0.224 +0.510,-0.152 +0.520,-0.058 +0.530,0.061 +0.540,0.204 +0.550,0.369 +0.560,0.551 +0.570,0.742 +0.580,0.933 +0.590,1.113 +0.600,1.272 +0.610,1.398 +0.620,1.483 +0.630,1.530 +0.640,1.549 +0.650,1.549 +0.660,1.541 +0.670,1.533 +0.680,1.530 +0.690,1.540 +0.700,1.578 +0.710,1.671 +0.720,1.838 +0.730,2.116 +0.740,2.565 +0.750,3.135 +0.760,3.685 +0.770,4.134 +0.780,4.494 +0.790,4.796 +0.800,5.031 +0.810,5.150 +0.820,5.039 +0.830,4.518 +0.840,3.644 +0.850,2.772 +0.860,1.496 +0.870,-0.536 +0.880,-2.168 +0.890,-3.197 +0.900,-4.813 +0.910,-6.910 +0.920,-8.366 +0.930,-8.696 +0.940,-8.671 +0.950,-8.963 +0.960,-9.770 +0.970,-11.042 +0.980,-12.471 +0.990,-13.474 +1.000,-14.025 +1.010,-15.063 +1.020,-17.286 +1.030,-20.436 +1.040,-23.090 +1.050,-24.760 +1.060,-26.734 +1.070,-28.987 +1.080,-30.615 +1.090,-31.992 +1.100,-33.545 +1.110,-35.340 +1.120,-37.550 +1.130,-40.232 +1.140,-43.600 +1.150,-48.177 +1.160,-53.564 +1.170,-52.822 +1.180,-49.170 +1.190,-47.202 +1.200,-46.409 diff --git a/res/simulation/TIA_OP_MaxGain_vs_IC.csv b/res/simulation/TIA_OP_MaxGain_vs_IC.csv new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d04417d --- /dev/null +++ b/res/simulation/TIA_OP_MaxGain_vs_IC.csv @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +IC,MaxGain +0.000,-10.280 +1.000,8.917 +2.000,12.983 +3.000,14.234 +4.000,15.014 +5.000,15.532 +6.000,15.826 +7.000,15.781 +8.000,6.676 +9.000,-13.801 +10.000,-14.153 +11.000,-14.050 +12.000,-13.892 +13.000,-13.770 +14.000,-13.692 +15.000,-13.638 +16.000,-13.599 +17.000,-13.571 +18.000,-13.549 +19.000,-13.533 +20.000,-13.521 diff --git a/res/simulation/TIA_OP_NFmin_vs_IC.csv b/res/simulation/TIA_OP_NFmin_vs_IC.csv new file mode 100644 index 0000000..82a41a3 --- /dev/null +++ b/res/simulation/TIA_OP_NFmin_vs_IC.csv @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +IC,NFmin +0.000,10.630 +1.000,3.534 +2.000,3.080 +3.000,2.911 +4.000,2.819 +5.000,2.756 +6.000,2.708 +7.000,2.669 +8.000,3.154 +9.000,13.919 +10.000,14.262 +11.000,14.178 +12.000,14.043 +13.000,13.946 +14.000,13.893 +15.000,13.863 +16.000,13.848 +17.000,13.842 +18.000,13.843 +19.000,13.849 +20.000,13.859 diff --git a/sections/02_proposed_ideas.tex b/sections/02_proposed_ideas.tex index 01949d5..8b3c2cb 100644 --- a/sections/02_proposed_ideas.tex +++ b/sections/02_proposed_ideas.tex @@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ % \end{frame} \begin{frame}[t] - \frametitle{Overview of Proposed Design} + \frametitle{Proposed Design: Overview} \vspace*{-7mm} @@ -140,8 +140,9 @@ \end{frame} \begin{frame} - \frametitle{Simulation and Measurement Results} + \frametitle{Proposed Design: Simulation/Measurement Results} + \vspace*{-1mm} \begin{minipage}{.5\textwidth} \vspace*{-2mm} \begin{figure}[H] diff --git a/sections/03_simulation_results.tex b/sections/03_simulation_results.tex index 7a646f7..ad11a1e 100644 --- a/sections/03_simulation_results.tex +++ b/sections/03_simulation_results.tex @@ -17,9 +17,9 @@ \item SQuad \& TIA \item SQuad, TIA \& Buffer \end{itemize} + \item Further iterative optimization of parameters (e.g., determine LO power,\\ increase buffer current for linearity, \ldots) \item Matching of input and output \item Replacement of remaining DC blocks/feeds in bias circuitry - \item Final optimization \end{enumerate} \end{frame} @@ -41,7 +41,6 @@ \item Exact value of $V_\text{CE}$ not crucial \item $V_\text{BE}$: Examination of $s_\text{21}$ of Large-signal s-parameter simulation and noise figure (analogous to \citereference{Mai+21}) - \item [TODO] (Simulate noise figure or remove text) \end{itemize} \end{itemize} \end{minipage}% @@ -62,6 +61,59 @@ \addreference{Mai+21}{T. Maiwald et al., ``A Broadband Zero-IF Down-Conversion Mixer in 130 nm SiGe BiCMOS for Beyond 5G Communication Systems in D-Band'', in \emph{IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs}, vol. 68, no. 7, pp. 2277-2281, July 2021} \end{frame} +\begin{frame} + \frametitle{Operating Point: Switching Quad} + + \vspace*{-2mm} + \begin{figure}[H] + \centering + + \begin{subfigure}{0.5\textwidth} + \begin{tikzpicture} + \begin{axis}[ + width=\textwidth, + height=0.75\textwidth, + xlabel={$V_\text{BE}\ (\text{V})$}, + ylabel={$\mathit{s_\text{21}}\ (\text{dB})$}, + ytick={-50,-40,...,0,10}, + xtick={0.5,0.6,...,1.2}, + grid, + ] + \addplot+[mark=none, line width=1pt] + table[col sep=comma, x=VBE, y=s21] + {res/simulation/SQuad_OP_s21_vs_VBE.csv}; + \addplot[mark=*] coordinates {(0.8,5.031)} node[pin=-100:{Q}]{} ; + \end{axis} + \end{tikzpicture} + \end{subfigure}% + \begin{subfigure}{0.5\textwidth} + \begin{tikzpicture} + \begin{axis}[ + width=\textwidth, + height=0.75\textwidth, + xlabel={$V_\text{BE}\ (\text{V})$}, + ylabel={$\mathit{NF}_\text{dsb}\ (\text{dB})$}, + ytick={0,10,...,60}, + xtick={0.5,0.6,...,1.2}, + grid, + ] + \addplot+[mark=none, line width=1pt] + table[col sep=comma, x=VBE, y=NFdsb] + {res/simulation/SQuad_NFdsb.csv}; + \addplot[mark=*] coordinates {(0.8,8.607)} node[pin=100:{Q}]{} ; + \end{axis} + \end{tikzpicture} + \end{subfigure} + \end{figure} + + \vspace*{-2mm} + \begin{itemize} + \item Plotted for $f_\text{LO}=\SI{135}{GHz}, f_\text{RF}=\SI{140}{GHz}$ + \item Double-sideband noise figure (direct conversion mixer) + \item Chosen operating point: $V_\text{BE} = \SI{0.8}{V}$ + \end{itemize} +\end{frame} + \begin{frame} \frametitle{Operating Point: Transimpedance Amplifier} @@ -79,6 +131,7 @@ \begin{itemize} \item Exact value of supply voltage not crucial \item S-parameter simulation: Examination of maximum available gain ($\mathit{MAG}$) and minimum noise figure ($\mathit{NF}_\text{min}$) + \item At this stage: only determination of operating point of bottom transistors \end{itemize} \end{itemize} \end{minipage}% @@ -97,6 +150,55 @@ \end{minipage} \end{frame} +\begin{frame} + \frametitle{Operating Point: Transimpedance Amplifier} + + \begin{figure}[H] + \centering + \begin{subfigure}{0.5\textwidth} + \begin{tikzpicture} + \begin{axis}[ + width=\textwidth, + height=0.75\textwidth, + xlabel={$I_\text{C}\ (\text{mA})$}, + ylabel={$\mathit{MAG}\ (\text{dB})$}, + grid, + xtick={0,2,...,20}, + ytick={-15, -10, ..., 15}, + ] + \addplot+[mark=none, line width=1pt] + table[col sep=comma, x=IC, y=MaxGain] + {res/simulation/TIA_OP_MaxGain_vs_IC.csv}; + \addplot[mark=*] coordinates {(5,15.532)} node[pin=-100:{Q}]{} ; + \end{axis} + \end{tikzpicture} + \end{subfigure}% + \begin{subfigure}{0.5\textwidth} + \begin{tikzpicture} + \begin{axis}[ + width=\textwidth, + height=0.75\textwidth, + xlabel={$I_\text{C}\ (\text{mA})$}, + ylabel={$\mathit{NF}_\text{min}\ (\text{dB})$}, + xtick={0,2,...,20}, + ytick={0,2,...,16}, + grid, + ] + \addplot+[mark=none, line width=1pt] + table[col sep=comma, x=IC, y=NFmin] + {res/simulation/TIA_OP_NFmin_vs_IC.csv}; + \addplot[mark=*] coordinates {(5,2.756)} node[pin=100:{Q}]{} ; + \end{axis} + \end{tikzpicture} + \end{subfigure} + \end{figure} + + \begin{itemize} + \item Plotted for $f_\text{IF} = \SI{20}{GHz}$ + \item Chosen operating point: $I_\text{C} = \SI{5}{mA}$ (with multiplier of $10$) + \end{itemize} +\end{frame} + \begin{frame} \frametitle{Operating Point: Buffer} @@ -128,6 +230,42 @@ \end{minipage} \end{frame} +\begin{frame} + \frametitle{Operating Point: Buffer} + + \begin{figure} + \centering + \begin{subfigure}{0.5\textwidth} + \centering + \begin{tikzpicture} + \begin{axis}[ + domain=-5:5, + width=\textwidth, + height=0.75\textwidth, + samples=100, + ] + \addplot+[mark=none, line width=1pt] + {ln(x)}; + \end{axis} + \end{tikzpicture} + \end{subfigure}% + \begin{subfigure}{0.5\textwidth} + \centering + \begin{tikzpicture} + \begin{axis}[ + domain=-.1:.1, + width=\textwidth, + height=0.75\textwidth, + samples=100, + ] + \addplot+[mark=none, line width=1pt] + {tanh(deg(x))}; + \end{axis} + \end{tikzpicture} + \end{subfigure} + \end{figure} +\end{frame} + \begin{frame} \frametitle{Integration: SQuad \& TIA} @@ -139,7 +277,6 @@ \begin{itemize} \item Conversion gain \item $\SI{1}{dB}$ compression point ($P_{\SI{1}{dB}}$) - \item[TODO] Noise figure \end{itemize} \end{itemize} \end{minipage}% @@ -159,6 +296,69 @@ \end{minipage} \end{frame} +\begin{frame} + \frametitle{Integration: SQuad \& TIA} + + \vspace*{-6mm} + \begin{figure} + \begin{subfigure}{0.5\textwidth} + \begin{tikzpicture} + \begin{axis}[ + width=\textwidth, + height=0.5\textwidth, + ylabel={Conversion Gain (dB)}, + xlabel={$P_\text{LO}\ (\text{dBm})$}, + grid, + xtick={-50,-40,...,10}, + ytick={-40,-30,...,10}, + ] + \addplot+[mark=none, line width=1pt] + table[col sep=comma, x=LOPow, y=ConvGain] + {res/simulation/INT_SQuad_TIA_ConvGain_vs_LOPow.csv}; + \addplot[mark=*] coordinates {(-5,8.969)} node[pin=-100:{OP}]{} ; + \end{axis} + \end{tikzpicture} + \end{subfigure}% + \begin{subfigure}{0.5\textwidth} + \begin{tikzpicture} + \begin{axis}[ + width=\textwidth, + height=0.5\textwidth, + ylabel={Conversion Gain (dB)}, + xlabel={$P_\text{RF}\ (\text{dBm})$}, + xtick={-60,-50,...,20}, + ytick={-20,-10,...,30}, + grid, + ] + \addplot+[mark=none, line width=1pt] + table[col sep=comma, x=RFPow, y=ConvGain] + {res/simulation/INT_SQuad_TIA_ConvGain_vs_RFPow.csv}; + \node[scol2,circle,fill,inner sep=2pt] at (axis cs:-20,28.073) {}; + \addplot[mark=*] coordinates {(-20,28.073)} node[pin=-80:{$P_{\SI{1}{dB}}$}]{} ; + \end{axis} + \end{tikzpicture} + \end{subfigure} + + \begin{subfigure}{0.5\textwidth} + \begin{tikzpicture} + \begin{axis}[ + width=\textwidth, + height=0.5\textwidth, + ylabel={Conversion Gain (dB)}, + xlabel={$f_\text{RF}\ (\text{GHz})$}, + xtick={-110,-100,...,170}, + ytick={-10,-8,...,10}, + grid, + ] + \addplot+[mark=none, line width=1pt] + table[col sep=comma, x=RFFreq, y=ConvGain] + {res/simulation/INT_SQuad_TIA_ConvGain_vs_RFFreq.csv}; + \end{axis} + \end{tikzpicture} + \end{subfigure}% + \end{figure} +\end{frame} + \begin{frame} \frametitle{Integration: SQuad, TIA \& Buffer} @@ -168,7 +368,28 @@ \end{frame} \begin{frame} - \frametitle{Further Optimization: \ldots} + \frametitle{Integration: SQuad, TIA \& Buffer} + + \begin{itemize} + \item [TODO] Plots + \end{itemize} +\end{frame} + +\begin{frame} + \frametitle{Final Circuit} + + \begin{itemize} + \item [TODO] A few key points + \item [TODO] Circuit diagram + \end{itemize} +\end{frame} + +\begin{frame} + \frametitle{Final Circuit} + + \begin{itemize} + \item [TODO] 4 Plots of same stuff as in paper + \end{itemize} \end{frame} %\begin{frame} diff --git a/sections/05_conclusion.tex b/sections/05_conclusion.tex index 94da271..f27f750 100644 --- a/sections/05_conclusion.tex +++ b/sections/05_conclusion.tex @@ -5,11 +5,12 @@ \frametitle{Conclusion} \begin{itemize} - \item [TODO] Summary of novel ideas - \item [TODO] Summary of results + \item Removal of $g_\text{m}$ stage of Gilbert cell for more voltage headroom + \item Usage of high bandwidth TIA and inductive peaking + \item Differential to single-ended conversion for dense chip-to-package transition \item [TODO] Applications of proposed design (why specifically 5G?) \begin{itemize} - \item Are BiCMOS devices, e.g., particularly cheap or easily scalable? + \item [TODO] Are BiCMOS devices, e.g., particularly cheap or easily scalable? \end{itemize} \end{itemize} \end{frame}