Add stuff from LP Decoding using ADMM and proximal decoding

This commit is contained in:
2024-06-19 21:46:50 +02:00
parent cc01b93bf9
commit 201238dd38
105 changed files with 18895 additions and 14 deletions

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sections/appendix.tex Normal file
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\appendix
\section{Supplementary Slides}%
\label{app:Supplementary Slides}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}[t]
\frametitle{Proximal Decoding: Choice of $\gamma$}
\captionsetup[subfigure]{font=footnotesize}
\hspace*{-0.5cm}
\begin{minipage}[c]{0.9\textwidth}
\centering
\begin{figure}[H]
\vspace*{-0.7cm}
\centering
\begin{subfigure}[t]{0.33\textwidth}
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.8]
\begin{axis}[view={75}{30},
zmode=log,
xlabel={$E_b / N_0$ (dB)},
ylabel={$\gamma$},
zlabel={BER},
width=1.2\textwidth,
height=0.825\textwidth,
legend pos=outer north east,]
\addplot3[surf,
mesh/rows=17, mesh/cols=10,
colormap/viridis] table [col sep=comma,
x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
{res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_963965.csv};
\addplot3[NavyBlue, line width=1.5] table [col sep=comma,
discard if not={gamma}{0.01},
x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
{res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_963965.csv};
\addplot3[RedOrange, line width=1.5] table [col sep=comma,
discard if not={gamma}{0.05},
x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
{res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_963965.csv};
\addplot3[ForestGreen, line width=1.5] table [col sep=comma,
discard if not={gamma}{0.15},
x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
{res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_963965.csv};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\vspace*{-2mm}
\caption{$\left( 3, 6 \right)$-regular LDPC code with $n=96, k=48$
\citereference{Mac23, 96.3.965}}
\end{subfigure}%
\begin{subfigure}[t]{0.33\textwidth}
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.8]
\begin{axis}[view={75}{30},
zmode=log,
xlabel={$E_b / N_0$ (dB)},
ylabel={$\gamma$},
zlabel={BER},
width=1.2\textwidth,
height=0.825\textwidth,
legend pos=outer north east,]
\addplot3[surf,
mesh/rows=17, mesh/cols=14,
colormap/viridis] table [col sep=comma,
x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
{res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
\addplot3[NavyBlue, line width=1.5] table [col sep=comma,
discard if not={gamma}{0.01},
x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
{res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
\addplot3[RedOrange, line width=1.5] table [col sep=comma,
discard if not={gamma}{0.05},
x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
{res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
\addplot3[ForestGreen, line width=1.5] table [col sep=comma,
discard if not={gamma}{0.15},
x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
{res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\vspace*{-2mm}
\caption{$\left( 3, 6 \right)$-regular LDPC code with $n=204, k=102$
\citereference{Mac23, 204.33.484}}
\end{subfigure}%
\begin{subfigure}[t]{0.33\textwidth}
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.8]
\begin{axis}[view={75}{30},
zmode=log,
xlabel={$E_b / N_0$ (dB)},
ylabel={$\gamma$},
zlabel={BER},
width=1.2\textwidth,
height=0.825\textwidth,
legend pos=outer north east,]
\addplot3[surf,
mesh/rows=17, mesh/cols=10,
colormap/viridis] table [col sep=comma,
x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
{res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_40833844.csv};
\addplot3[NavyBlue, line width=1.5] table [col sep=comma,
discard if not={gamma}{0.01},
x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
{res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_40833844.csv};
\addplot3[RedOrange, line width=1.5] table [col sep=comma,
discard if not={gamma}{0.05},
x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
{res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_40833844.csv};
\addplot3[ForestGreen, line width=1.5] table [col sep=comma,
discard if not={gamma}{0.15},
x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
{res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_40833844.csv};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\vspace*{-2mm}
\caption{$\left( 3, 6 \right)$-regular LDPC code with $n=408, k=204$
\citereference{Mac23, 408.33.844}}
\end{subfigure}%
\vspace*{-2mm}
\begin{subfigure}[t]{0.33\textwidth}
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.8]
\begin{axis}[view={75}{30},
zmode=log,
xlabel={$E_b / N_0$ (dB)},
ylabel={$\gamma$},
zlabel={BER},
width=1.2\textwidth,
height=0.825\textwidth,
legend pos=outer north east,]
\addplot3[surf,
mesh/rows=17, mesh/cols=10,
colormap/viridis] table [col sep=comma,
x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
{res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_bch_31_26.csv};
\addplot3[NavyBlue, line width=1.5] table [col sep=comma,
discard if not={gamma}{0.01},
x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
{res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_bch_31_26.csv};
\addplot3[RedOrange, line width=1.5] table [col sep=comma,
discard if not={gamma}{0.05},
x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
{res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_bch_31_26.csv};
\addplot3[ForestGreen, line width=1.5] table [col sep=comma,
discard if not={gamma}{0.15},
x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
{res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_bch_31_26.csv};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\vspace*{-2mm}
\caption{BCH code with $n=31, k=26$}
\end{subfigure}%
\begin{subfigure}[t]{0.33\textwidth}
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.8]
\begin{axis}[view={75}{30},
zmode=log,
xlabel={$E_b / N_0$ (dB)},
ylabel={$\gamma$},
zlabel={BER},
width=1.2\textwidth,
height=0.825\textwidth,
legend pos=outer north east,]
\addplot3[surf,
mesh/rows=17, mesh/cols=10,
colormap/viridis] table [col sep=comma,
x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
{res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20455187.csv};
\addplot3[NavyBlue, line width=1.5] table [col sep=comma,
discard if not={gamma}{0.01},
x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
{res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20455187.csv};
\addplot3[RedOrange, line width=1.5] table [col sep=comma,
discard if not={gamma}{0.05},
x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
{res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20455187.csv};
\addplot3[ForestGreen, line width=1.5] table [col sep=comma,
discard if not={gamma}{0.15},
x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
{res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20455187.csv};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\vspace*{-2mm}
\caption{$\left( 5, 10 \right)$-regular LDPC code with $n=204, k=102$
\citereference{Mac23, 204.55.187}}
\end{subfigure}%
\begin{subfigure}[t]{0.33\textwidth}
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.8]
\begin{axis}[view={75}{30},
zmode=log,
xlabel={$E_b / N_0$ (dB)},
ylabel={$\gamma$},
zlabel={BER},
width=1.2\textwidth,
height=0.825\textwidth,
legend pos=outer north east,]
\addplot3[surf,
mesh/rows=17, mesh/cols=10,
colormap/viridis] table [col sep=comma,
x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
{res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_pegreg252x504.csv};
\addplot3[NavyBlue, line width=1.5] table [col sep=comma,
discard if not={gamma}{0.01},
x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
{res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_pegreg252x504.csv};
\addplot3[RedOrange, line width=1.5] table [col sep=comma,
discard if not={gamma}{0.05},
x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
{res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_pegreg252x504.csv};
\addplot3[ForestGreen, line width=1.5] table [col sep=comma,
discard if not={gamma}{0.15},
x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
{res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_pegreg252x504.csv};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\vspace*{-2mm}
\caption{LDPC code (progressive edge growth construction) with $n=504, k=252$
\citereference{Mac23, PEGReg252x504}}
\end{subfigure}%
\end{figure}
\end{minipage}%
\begin{minipage}[c]{0.1\textwidth}
\centering
\begin{figure}
\centering
\vspace*{-2cm}
\hspace*{-3mm}
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.8]
\begin{axis}[hide axis,
xmin=10, xmax=50,
ymin=0, ymax=0.4,
legend style={draw=white!15!black,legend cell align=left}]
\addlegendimage{surf, colormap/viridis}
\addlegendentry{$\gamma = \left[ 0\text{:}0.01\text{:}0.16 \right] $};
\addlegendimage{NavyBlue, line width=1.5pt}
\addlegendentry{$\gamma = 0.01$};
\addlegendimage{RedOrange, line width=1.5pt}
\addlegendentry{$\gamma = 0.05$};
\addlegendimage{ForestGreen, line width=1.5pt}
\addlegendentry{$\gamma = 0.15$};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{figure}
\end{minipage}
\vspace*{-1mm}
\addreference{Mac23}{David J.C. MacKay: \emph{Encyclopedia of Sparse Graph Codes}.
Jan. 2023. URL: \url{http://www.inference.org.uk/mackay/codes/data.html}.}
\end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}[t]
\frametitle{LP Decoding using ADMM: Choice of $\mu$ and $\rho$}
\captionsetup[subfigure]{font=footnotesize}
\begin{minipage}[c]{0.9\textwidth}
\centering
\hspace*{-4mm}
\begin{figure}[H]
\centering
\vspace*{-7mm}
\begin{subfigure}[t]{0.33\textwidth}
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.8]
\begin{axis}[
grid=both,
xlabel={$\rho$}, ylabel={Avg. \# iter.},
ymode=log,
width=1.2\textwidth,
height=0.825\textwidth,
]
\addplot[ForestGreen, line width=1pt]
table [col sep=comma, x=rho, y=k_avg,
discard if not={mu}{2.0},]
{res/admm/mu_rho_kavg_963965.csv};
\addplot[RedOrange, line width=1pt]
table [col sep=comma, x=rho, y=k_avg,
discard if not={mu}{5.0},]
{res/admm/mu_rho_kavg_963965.csv};
\addplot[NavyBlue, line width=1pt]
table [col sep=comma, x=rho, y=k_avg,
discard if not={mu}{9.0},]
{res/admm/mu_rho_kavg_963965.csv};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\vspace*{-2mm}
\caption{$\left( 3, 6 \right)$-regular LDPC code with $n=96, k=48$
\citereference{Mac23, 96.3.965}}
\end{subfigure}%
\begin{subfigure}[t]{0.33\textwidth}
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.8]
\begin{axis}[
grid=both,
xlabel={$\rho$}, ylabel={Avg. \# iter.},
ymode=log,
width=1.2\textwidth,
height=0.825\textwidth,
]
\addplot[ForestGreen, line width=1pt]
table [col sep=comma, x=rho, y=k_avg,
discard if not={mu}{2.0},]
{res/admm/mu_rho_kavg_20433484.csv};
\addplot[RedOrange, line width=1pt]
table [col sep=comma, x=rho, y=k_avg,
discard if not={mu}{5.0},]
{res/admm/mu_rho_kavg_20433484.csv};
\addplot[NavyBlue, line width=1pt]
table [col sep=comma, x=rho, y=k_avg,
discard if not={mu}{9.0},]
{res/admm/mu_rho_kavg_20433484.csv};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\vspace*{-2mm}
\caption{$\left( 3, 6 \right)$-regular LDPC code with $n=204, k=102$
\citereference{Mac23, 204.33.484}}
\end{subfigure}%
\begin{subfigure}[t]{0.33\textwidth}
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.8]
\begin{axis}[
grid=both,
xlabel={$\rho$}, ylabel={Avg. \# iter.},
ymode=log,
width=1.2\textwidth,
height=0.825\textwidth,
]
\addplot[ForestGreen, line width=1pt]
table [col sep=comma, x=rho, y=k_avg,
discard if not={mu}{2.0},]
{res/admm/mu_rho_kavg_40833844.csv};
\addplot[RedOrange, line width=1pt]
table [col sep=comma, x=rho, y=k_avg,
discard if not={mu}{5.0},]
{res/admm/mu_rho_kavg_40833844.csv};
\addplot[NavyBlue, line width=1pt]
table [col sep=comma, x=rho, y=k_avg,
discard if not={mu}{9.0},]
{res/admm/mu_rho_kavg_40833844.csv};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\vspace*{-2mm}
\caption{$\left( 3, 6 \right)$-regular LDPC code with $n=408, k=204$
\citereference{Mac23, 408.33.844}}
\end{subfigure}%
\vspace*{-2mm}
\begin{subfigure}[t]{0.33\textwidth}
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.8]
\begin{axis}[
grid=both,
xlabel={$\rho$}, ylabel={Avg. \# iter.},
ymode=log,
width=1.2\textwidth,
height=0.825\textwidth,
]
\addplot[ForestGreen, line width=1pt]
table [col sep=comma, x=rho, y=k_avg,
discard if not={mu}{2.0},]
{res/admm/mu_rho_kavg_bch_31_26.csv};
\addplot[RedOrange, line width=1pt]
table [col sep=comma, x=rho, y=k_avg,
discard if not={mu}{5.0},]
{res/admm/mu_rho_kavg_bch_31_26.csv};
\addplot[NavyBlue, line width=1pt]
table [col sep=comma, x=rho, y=k_avg,
discard if not={mu}{9.0},]
{res/admm/mu_rho_kavg_bch_31_26.csv};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\vspace*{-2mm}
\caption{BCH code with $n=31, k=26$}
\end{subfigure}%
\begin{subfigure}[t]{0.33\textwidth}
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.8]
\begin{axis}[
grid=both,
xlabel={$\rho$}, ylabel={Avg. \# iter.},
ymode=log,
width=1.2\textwidth,
height=0.825\textwidth,
]
\addplot[ForestGreen, line width=1pt]
table [col sep=comma, x=rho, y=k_avg,
discard if not={mu}{2.0},]
{res/admm/mu_rho_kavg_20455187.csv};
\addplot[RedOrange, line width=1pt]
table [col sep=comma, x=rho, y=k_avg,
discard if not={mu}{5.0},]
{res/admm/mu_rho_kavg_20455187.csv};
\addplot[NavyBlue, line width=1pt]
table [col sep=comma, x=rho, y=k_avg,
discard if not={mu}{9.0},]
{res/admm/mu_rho_kavg_20455187.csv};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\vspace*{-2mm}
\caption{$\left( 5, 10 \right)$-regular LDPC code with $n=204, k=102$
\citereference{Mac23, 204.55.187}}
\end{subfigure}%
\begin{subfigure}[t]{0.33\textwidth}
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.8]
\begin{axis}[
grid=both,
xlabel={$\rho$}, ylabel={Avg. \# iter.},
ymode=log,
width=1.2\textwidth,
height=0.825\textwidth,
]
\addplot[ForestGreen, line width=1pt]
table [col sep=comma, x=rho, y=k_avg,
discard if not={mu}{2.0},]
{res/admm/mu_rho_kavg_pegreg252x504.csv};
\addplot[RedOrange, line width=1pt]
table [col sep=comma, x=rho, y=k_avg,
discard if not={mu}{5.0},]
{res/admm/mu_rho_kavg_pegreg252x504.csv};
\addplot[NavyBlue, line width=1pt]
table [col sep=comma, x=rho, y=k_avg,
discard if not={mu}{9.0},]
{res/admm/mu_rho_kavg_pegreg252x504.csv};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\vspace*{-2mm}
\caption{LDPC code (progressive edge growth construction) with $n=504, k=252$
\citereference{Mac23, PEGReg252x504}}
\end{subfigure}%
\end{figure}
\end{minipage}%
\begin{minipage}[c]{0.1\textwidth}
\centering
\begin{figure}
\centering
\vspace*{-1cm}
\hspace*{3mm}
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.8]
\begin{axis}[hide axis,
xmin=10, xmax=50,
ymin=0, ymax=0.4,
legend columns=1,
legend style={draw=white!15!black}]
\addlegendimage{NavyBlue, line width=1pt}
\addlegendentry{$\mu = 9$}
\addlegendimage{RedOrange, line width=1pt}
\addlegendentry{$\mu = 5$}
\addlegendimage{ForestGreen, line width=1pt}
\addlegendentry{$\mu = 2$}
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{figure}
\end{minipage}
\vspace*{-1mm}
\addreference{Mac23}{David J.C. MacKay: \emph{Encyclopedia of Sparse Graph Codes}.
Jan. 2023. URL: \url{http://www.inference.org.uk/mackay/codes/data.html}.}
\end{frame}

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sections/comparison.tex Normal file
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\section{Comparison}%
\label{sec:Comparison}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\subsection{Comparison of Simulation Results}%
\label{sub:Comparison of Simulation Results}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}[t]
\frametitle{Comparison: Convergence Behavior}
\vspace*{-3mm}
\begin{itemize}
\item (3,6) regular LDPC code with $n=204, k=102$ \citereference{Mac23, 204.33.484}
\item Minimum number of iterations independent of SNR
\end{itemize}
\bigskip
\begin{figure}[H]
\centering
\begin{subfigure}[t]{0.5\textwidth}
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[
grid=both,
xlabel={Iterations},
ylabel={Average $\lVert \boldsymbol{c}-\boldsymbol{\hat{c}} \rVert$},
width=0.9\textwidth,
height=0.675\textwidth,
%legend pos=outer north east,
]
\addplot [ForestGreen, mark=none, line width=1pt]
table [col sep=comma,
discard if not={omega}{0.0774263682681127},
discard if gt={k}{101},
x=k, y=err]
{res/proximal/2d_avg_error_20433484_1db.csv};
\addlegendentry{$E_b / N_0 = \SI{1}{dB}$}
\addplot [NavyBlue, mark=none, line width=1pt]
table [col sep=comma, discard if not={omega}{0.0774263682681127},
discard if gt={k}{101},
x=k, y=err]
{res/proximal/2d_avg_error_20433484_3db.csv};
\addlegendentry{$E_b / N_0 = \SI{3}{dB}$}
\addplot [RedOrange, mark=none, line width=1pt]
table [col sep=comma, discard if not={omega}{0.052233450742668434},
discard if gt={k}{101},
x=k, y=err]
{res/proximal/2d_avg_error_20433484_5db.csv};
\addlegendentry{$E_b / N_0 = \SI{5}{dB}$}
\addplot [RoyalPurple, mark=none, line width=1pt]
table [col sep=comma, discard if not={omega}{0.052233450742668434},
discard if gt={k}{101},
x=k, y=err]
{res/proximal/2d_avg_error_20433484_8db.csv};
\addlegendentry{$E_b / N_0 = \SI{8}{dB}$}
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{subfigure}%
\begin{subfigure}[t]{0.5\textwidth}
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[
grid=both,
width=0.9\textwidth,
height=0.675\textwidth,
% legend pos=outer north east,
xlabel={Iteration},
ylabel={Average $\left\Vert \hat{\boldsymbol{c}} - \boldsymbol{c} \right\Vert$}
]
\addplot[ForestGreen, line width=1pt]
table [col sep=comma, x=k, y=err,
discard if not={SNR}{1.0},
discard if gt={k}{101}]
{res/admm/avg_error_20433484.csv};
\addlegendentry{$E_b / N_0 = \SI{1}{dB}$}
\addplot[RedOrange, line width=1pt]
table [col sep=comma, x=k, y=err,
discard if not={SNR}{2.0},
discard if gt={k}{101}]
{res/admm/avg_error_20433484.csv};
\addlegendentry{$E_b / N_0 = \SI{2}{dB}$}
\addplot[NavyBlue, line width=1pt]
table [col sep=comma, x=k, y=err,
discard if not={SNR}{3.0},
discard if gt={k}{101}]
{res/admm/avg_error_20433484.csv};
\addlegendentry{$E_b / N_0 = \SI{3}{dB}$}
\addplot[RoyalPurple, line width=1pt]
table [col sep=comma, x=k, y=err,
discard if not={SNR}{4.0},
discard if gt={k}{101}]
{res/admm/avg_error_20433484.csv};
\addlegendentry{$E_b / N_0 = \SI{4}{dB}$}
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{subfigure}%
\end{figure}
\smallskip
\smallskip
\smallskip
\addreference{Mac23}{David J.C. MacKay: \emph{Encyclopedia of Sparse Graph Codes}.
Jan. 2023. URL: \url{http://www.inference.org.uk/mackay/codes/data.html}.}
\end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}[t]
\frametitle{Comparison: Time Complexity}
\vspace*{-6.5mm}
\begin{itemize}
\item Codes: BCH $\left( 31, 11 \right)$; BCH $\left( 31, 26 \right)$;
\citereference{Mac23, 96.3.965; 204.33.484; 204.55.187; 408.33.844; PEGReg252x504}
\item Measured performance: $\sim\SI{10000}{}$ frames/s
on Intel Core i7-7700HQ @ 2.80GHz; $n=204$
\item Both algorithms are $\mathcal{O}\left( n \right)$ on average
\end{itemize}
\bigskip
\begin{figure}[H]
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[
grid=both,
xlabel={$n$}, ylabel={time per frame (ms)},
legend style={at={(0.05,0.6)},anchor=south west},
legend cell align={left},
width=0.43\textwidth,
height=0.32\textwidth,
]
\addplot[RedOrange, only marks, mark=square*]
table [col sep=comma, x=n, y=spf,
y expr=\thisrow{spf} * 1000]
{res/proximal/fps_vs_n.csv};
\addlegendentry{proximal}
\addplot[Gray, only marks, mark=*]
table [col sep=comma, x=n, y=spf,
y expr=\thisrow{spf} * 1000]
{res/hybrid/fps_vs_n.csv};
\addlegendentry{improved ($N=12$)}
\addplot[NavyBlue, only marks, mark=triangle*]
table [col sep=comma, x=n, y=spf,
y expr=\thisrow{spf} * 1000]
{res/admm/fps_vs_n.csv};
\addlegendentry{ADMM}
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{figure}
\smallskip
\smallskip
\addreference{Mac23}{David J.C. MacKay: \emph{Encyclopedia of Sparse Graph Codes}.
Jan. 2023. URL: \url{http://www.inference.org.uk/mackay/codes/data.html}.}
\end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}[t]
\frametitle{Comparison: Decoding Performance}
\vspace{-0.5cm}
\begin{itemize}
\item (3,6) regular LDPC code with $n=204, k=102$ \citereference{Mac23, 204.33.484}
\end{itemize}
\begin{figure}[H]
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[
grid=both,
xlabel={$E_b / N_0$}, ylabel={BER},
ymode=log,
legend columns=2,
legend style={at={(0.5,-0.45)},anchor=south},
ymax=1.5, ymin=3e-8,
width=0.45\textwidth,
height=0.33\textwidth,
]
\addplot[RedOrange, mark=*, line width=1pt]
table [x=SNR, y=BER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.05}]
{res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
\addplot[RedOrange, mark=triangle, densely dashed, line width=1pt]
table [x=SNR, y=BER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.05}]
{res/hybrid/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
\addplot[NavyBlue, line width=1pt, mark=*]
table [x=SNR, y=BER, col sep=comma,
discard if not={mu}{3.0},
%discard if gt={SNR}{4.0}
]
{res/admm/ber_2d_20433484.csv};
\addplot [RoyalPurple, mark=*, line width=1pt]
table [x=SNR, y=BP, col sep=comma] {res/ber_paper.csv};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[
grid=both,
xlabel={$E_b / N_0$}, ylabel={FER},
ymode=log,
legend columns=2,
legend style={at={(0.5,-0.45)},anchor=south},
ymax=1.5, ymin=3e-8,
width=0.45\textwidth,
height=0.33\textwidth,
]
\addplot[RedOrange, mark=*, solid, line width=1pt]
table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.05}]
{res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
\addplot[RedOrange, mark=triangle, densely dashed, line width=1pt]
table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.05}]
{res/hybrid/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
\addplot[NavyBlue, line width=1pt, mark=*]
table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma,
discard if not={mu}{3.0},
%discard if gt={SNR}{4.0}
]
{res/admm/ber_2d_20433484.csv};
\addplot[Black, line width=1pt, mark=*]
table [col sep=comma, x=SNR, y=FER,
%discard if gt={SNR}{3.0}
]
{res/generic/fer_ml_20433484.csv};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[hide axis,
xmin=10, xmax=50,
ymin=0, ymax=0.4,
legend columns=3,
legend style={draw=white!15!black,legend cell align=left}]
\addlegendimage{RedOrange, mark=*, line width=1pt}
\addlegendentry{Proximal}
\addlegendimage{NavyBlue, mark=*, line width=1pt}
\addlegendentry{ADMM}
\addlegendimage{Black, mark=*, line width=1pt}
\addlegendentry{ML}
\addlegendimage{RedOrange, mark=triangle, densely dashed, line width=1pt}
\addlegendentry{Improved ($N$=12)}
\addlegendimage{RoyalPurple, mark=*, line width=1pt}
\addlegendentry{BP}
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{figure}
\smallskip
\smallskip
\smallskip
\addreference{Mac23}{David J.C. MacKay: \emph{Encyclopedia of Sparse Graph Codes}.
Jan. 2023. URL: \url{http://www.inference.org.uk/mackay/codes/data.html}.}
\end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%\begin{frame}[t]
% \frametitle{Decoding Performance}
%
% \vspace*{-5mm}
%
% \begin{figure}[H]
% \centering
%
% \begin{tikzpicture}
% \begin{axis}[
% grid=both,
% xlabel={$E_b / N_0 \left( \text{dB} \right) $}, ylabel={FER},
% ymode=log,
% ymax=1.5, ymin=5e-5,
% legend columns = 3,
% legend style={at={(0.5,-0.5)},anchor=south},
% width=0.45\textwidth,
% height=0.3375\textwidth,
% ]
%
% \addplot[RedOrange, line width=1pt, mark=*, solid]
% table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma,
% discard if not={gamma}{0.05},
% discard if gt={SNR}{5.5}]
% {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
% \addlegendentry{Proximal decoding}
% \addplot[NavyBlue, line width=1pt, mark=triangle, densely dashed]
% table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma,
% discard if not={mu}{3.0},
% discard if gt={SNR}{4.0}]
% {res/admm/ber_2d_20433484.csv};
% \addlegendentry{ADMM}
% \addplot[PineGreen, line width=1pt, mark=triangle, solid]
% table [col sep=comma, x=SNR, y=FER,
% discard if gt={SNR}{3.0}]
% {res/generic/fer_ml_20433484.csv};
% \addlegendentry{ML}
% \end{axis}
% \end{tikzpicture}
%
% \caption{Comparison of FER of proximal decoding and LP decoding using ADMM%
% \protect\footnotemark{}}
% \end{figure}%
%
% \footnotetext{Simulation performed with (3,6) regular LDPC code with $n=204, k=102$
% \cite[Code: 204.33.484]{mackay_enc}}
%\end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}[t]
\frametitle{Comparison: Decoding Performance}
\captionsetup[subfigure]{font=footnotesize}
\hspace*{-0.4cm}
\begin{minipage}[c]{0.9\textwidth}
\centering
\begin{figure}[H]
\vspace*{-0.8cm}
\centering
\begin{subfigure}[t]{0.33\textwidth}
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.8]
\begin{axis}[
grid=both,
xlabel={$E_b / N_0$ (dB)}, ylabel={FER},
ymode=log,
ymax=1.5, ymin=8e-5,
width=1.2\textwidth,
height=0.825\textwidth,
]
\addplot[RedOrange, line width=1pt, mark=*, solid]
table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.05}]
{res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_963965.csv};
\addplot[RedOrange, mark=triangle, densely dashed, line width=1pt]
table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma,
discard if not={gamma}{0.05}, discard if gt={SNR}{5.5}]
{res/hybrid/2d_ber_fer_dfr_963965.csv};
\addplot[NavyBlue, line width=1pt, mark=*]
table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={mu}{3.0}]
%{res/hybrid/2d_ber_fer_dfr_963965.csv};
{res/admm/ber_2d_963965.csv};
\addplot[Black, line width=1pt, mark=*]
table [col sep=comma, x=SNR, y=FER,]
{res/generic/fer_ml_9633965.csv};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\vspace*{-2mm}
\caption{$\left( 3, 6 \right)$-regular LDPC code with $n=96, k=48$
\citereference{Mac23, 96.33.965}}
\end{subfigure}%
\begin{subfigure}[t]{0.33\textwidth}
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.8]
\begin{axis}[
grid=both,
xlabel={$E_b / N_0$ (dB)}, ylabel={FER},
ymode=log,
ymax=1.5, ymin=8e-5,
width=1.2\textwidth,
height=0.825\textwidth,
]
\addplot[RedOrange, line width=1pt, mark=*]
table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma,
discard if not={gamma}{0.05},
discard if gt={SNR}{5.5}]
{res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
\addplot[RedOrange, mark=triangle, densely dashed, line width=1pt]
table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma,
discard if not={gamma}{0.05}, discard if gt={SNR}{5.5}]
{res/hybrid/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
\addplot[NavyBlue, line width=1pt, mark=*]
table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma,
discard if not={mu}{3.0},
discard if gt={SNR}{5.5}]
{res/admm/ber_2d_20433484.csv};
\addplot[Black, line width=1pt, mark=*]
table [col sep=comma, x=SNR, y=FER,
discard if gt={SNR}{5.5}]
{res/generic/fer_ml_20433484.csv};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\vspace*{-2mm}
\caption{$\left( 3, 6 \right)$-regular LDPC code with $n=204, k=102$
\citereference{Mac23, 204.33.484}}
\end{subfigure}%
\begin{subfigure}[t]{0.33\textwidth}
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.8]
\begin{axis}[
grid=both,
xlabel={$E_b / N_0$ (dB)}, ylabel={FER},
ymode=log,
ymax=1.5, ymin=8e-5,
width=1.2\textwidth,
height=0.825\textwidth,
]
\addplot[RedOrange, line width=1pt, mark=*]
table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.05}]
{res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_40833844.csv};
\addplot[RedOrange, mark=triangle, densely dashed, line width=1pt]
table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma,
discard if not={gamma}{0.05}, discard if gt={SNR}{5.5}]
{res/hybrid/2d_ber_fer_dfr_40833844.csv};
\addplot[NavyBlue, line width=1pt, mark=*]
table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={mu}{3.0}]
{res/admm/ber_2d_40833844.csv};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\vspace*{-2mm}
\caption{$\left( 3, 6 \right)$-regular LDPC code with $n=408, k=204$
\citereference{Mac23, 408.33.844}}
\end{subfigure}%
\vspace*{-2mm}
\begin{subfigure}[t]{0.33\textwidth}
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.8]
\begin{axis}[
grid=both,
xlabel={$E_b / N_0$ (dB)}, ylabel={FER},
ymode=log,
ymax=1.5, ymin=8e-5,
width=1.2\textwidth,
height=0.825\textwidth,
]
\addplot[RedOrange, line width=1pt, mark=*]
table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.05}]
{res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_bch_31_26.csv};
\addplot[RedOrange, mark=triangle, densely dashed, line width=1pt]
table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma,
discard if not={gamma}{0.05}, discard if gt={SNR}{5.5}]
{res/hybrid/2d_ber_fer_dfr_bch_31_26.csv};
\addplot[NavyBlue, line width=1pt, mark=*]
table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={mu}{3.0}]
{res/admm/ber_2d_bch_31_26.csv};
\addplot[Black, line width=1pt, mark=*]
table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma,
discard if gt={SNR}{5.5},
discard if lt={SNR}{1},
]
{res/generic/fer_ml_bch_31_26.csv};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\vspace*{-2mm}
\caption{BCH code with $n=31, k=26$}
\end{subfigure}%
\begin{subfigure}[t]{0.33\textwidth}
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.8]
\begin{axis}[
grid=both,
xlabel={$E_b / N_0$ (dB)}, ylabel={FER},
ymode=log,
ymax=1.5, ymin=8e-5,
width=1.2\textwidth,
height=0.825\textwidth,
]
\addplot[RedOrange, line width=1pt, mark=*]
table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.05}]
{res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20455187.csv};
\addplot[RedOrange, mark=triangle, densely dashed, line width=1pt]
table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.05}]
{res/hybrid/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20455187.csv};
\addplot[NavyBlue, line width=1pt, mark=*]
table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={mu}{3.0}]
{res/admm/ber_2d_20455187.csv};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\vspace*{-2mm}
\caption{$\left( 5, 10 \right)$-regular LDPC code with $n=204, k=102$
\citereference{Mac23, 204.55.187}}
\end{subfigure}%
\begin{subfigure}[t]{0.33\textwidth}
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.8]
\begin{axis}[
grid=both,
xlabel={$E_b / N_0$ (dB)}, ylabel={FER},
ymode=log,
ymax=1.5, ymin=8e-5,
width=1.2\textwidth,
height=0.825\textwidth,
]
\addplot[RedOrange, line width=1pt, mark=*]
table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.05}]
{res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_pegreg252x504.csv};
\addplot[RedOrange, mark=triangle, densely dashed, line width=1pt]
table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma,
discard if not={gamma}{0.05}, discard if gt={SNR}{5.5}]
{res/hybrid/2d_ber_fer_dfr_pegreg252x504.csv};
\addplot[NavyBlue, line width=1pt, mark=*]
table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={mu}{3.0}]
{res/admm/ber_2d_pegreg252x504.csv};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\vspace*{-2mm}
\caption{LDPC code (progressive edge growth construction) with $n=504, k=252$
\citereference{Mac23, PEGReg252x504}}
\end{subfigure}%
\end{figure}
\end{minipage}%
\begin{minipage}[c]{0.1\textwidth}
\centering
\begin{figure}
\centering
\vspace*{-1.2cm}
\hspace*{2mm}
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.8]
\begin{axis}[hide axis,
xmin=10, xmax=50,
ymin=0, ymax=0.4,
legend columns=1,
legend style={draw=white!15!black}]
\addlegendimage{RedOrange, line width=1pt, mark=*, solid}
\addlegendentry{Proximal}
\addlegendimage{RedOrange, line width=1pt, mark=triangle*, densely dashed}
\addlegendentry{Improved}
\addlegendimage{NavyBlue, line width=1pt, mark=*}
\addlegendentry{ADMM}
\addlegendimage{Black, line width=1pt, mark=*}
\addlegendentry{ML}
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{figure}
\end{minipage}
\vspace*{-1mm}
\addreference{Mac23}{David J.C. MacKay: \emph{Encyclopedia of Sparse Graph Codes}.
Jan. 2023. URL: \url{http://www.inference.org.uk/mackay/codes/data.html}.}
\end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\subsection{Theoretical Comparison}%
\label{sub:Theoretical Comparison}
\begin{frame}[t, fragile]
\frametitle{Comparison: Algorithm Structure}
\vspace*{-1cm}
\begin{figure}[h]
\centering
\begin{subfigure}[b]{0.47\textwidth}
\centering
\begin{align*}
\text{minimize}\hspace{2mm} & \textcolor{KITblue}{\underbrace{L\left(
\boldsymbol{y} \mid \tilde{\boldsymbol{x}} \right)}_{\text{Likelihood}}}
+ \textcolor{KITred}{\underbrace{\gamma h\left( \tilde{\boldsymbol{x}}
\right)} _{\text{Constraints}}} \\
\text{subject to}\hspace{2mm} &\tilde{\boldsymbol{x}} \in \mathbb{R}^n
\end{align*}
\vspace*{-5mm}
\begin{algorithm}[caption={}, label={},
basicstyle=\fontsize{10}{18}\selectfont
]
Initialize $\boldsymbol{r}, \boldsymbol{s}, \omega, \gamma$
while stopping critierion unfulfilled do
$\textcolor{KITblue}{\boldsymbol{r} \leftarrow \boldsymbol{r}
+ \omega \nabla L\left( \boldsymbol{y} \mid \boldsymbol{s} \right)} $
$\textcolor{KITred}{\boldsymbol{s} \leftarrow
\textbf{prox}_{\gamma h}\left( \boldsymbol{r} \right)} $|\Suppressnumber|
|\Reactivatenumber|
end while
return $\hat{\boldsymbol{c}}$
\end{algorithm}
\end{subfigure}\hfill%
\begin{subfigure}[b]{0.5\textwidth}
\centering
\begin{align*}
\text{minimize}\hspace{5mm} &
\textcolor{KITblue}{\underbrace{\boldsymbol{\gamma}^\text{T}
\tilde{\boldsymbol{c}}}_{\text{Likelihood}}}
+ \textcolor{KITred}{\underbrace{\sum\nolimits_{j\in\mathcal{J}}
g_j\left( \boldsymbol{T}_j\tilde{\boldsymbol{c}}
\right)}_{\text{Constraints}}} \\
\text{subject to}\hspace{5mm} &
\tilde{\boldsymbol{c}} \in \left[ 0, 1 \right]^n
\end{align*}
\vspace*{-5mm}
\begin{algorithm}[caption={}, label={},
basicstyle=\fontsize{10}{18}\selectfont
]
Initialize $\tilde{\boldsymbol{c}}, \boldsymbol{z}, \boldsymbol{u}, \boldsymbol{\gamma}, \rho$
while stopping criterion unfulfilled do
$\textcolor{KITblue}{\tilde{\boldsymbol{c}} \leftarrow \argmin_{\tilde{\boldsymbol{c}}}
\left( \boldsymbol{\gamma}^\text{T}\tilde{\boldsymbol{c}}
+ \frac{\rho}{2}\sum_{j\in\mathcal{J}} \left\Vert
\boldsymbol{T}_j\tilde{\boldsymbol{c}} - \boldsymbol{z}_j
+ \boldsymbol{u}_j \right\Vert \right)}$
$\textcolor{KITred}{\boldsymbol{z}_j \leftarrow \textbf{prox}_{g_j}
\left( \boldsymbol{T}_j\tilde{\boldsymbol{c}}
+ \boldsymbol{u}_j \right), \hspace{5mm}\forall j\in\mathcal{J}}$
$\boldsymbol{u}_j \leftarrow \boldsymbol{u}_j
+ \tilde{\boldsymbol{c}} - \boldsymbol{z}_j, \hspace{14.5mm}\forall j\in\mathcal{J}$
end while
return $\hat{\boldsymbol{c}}$
\end{algorithm}
\end{subfigure}%
\end{figure}%
\end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}[t, fragile]
\frametitle{Comparison: Algorithm Structure}
\vspace*{-0.6cm}
\begin{figure}[h]
\centering
\begin{subfigure}{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\begin{algorithm}[caption={}, label={},]
Initialize $\boldsymbol{r}, \boldsymbol{s}, \omega, \gamma$
while stopping critierion unfulfilled do
for $j$ in $\mathcal{J}$ do
$p_j \leftarrow \prod_{i\in N_c\left( j \right) } r_i $
$\textcolor{KITblue}{M_{j\to i} \leftarrow p_j^2 - p_j}$|\Suppressnumber|
|\vspace{0.7mm}\Reactivatenumber|
end for
for $i$ in $\mathcal{I}$ do
$s_i \leftarrow s_i + \gamma \left[ 4\left( s_i^2 - 1 \right)s_i
\phantom{\frac{4}{s_i}}\right.$|\Suppressnumber|
|\Reactivatenumber|$\left.+ \frac{4}{s_i}\sum_{j\in N_v\left( i \right) }
M_{j\to i} \right] $
$r_i \leftarrow r_i + \omega \left( s_i - y_i \right)$
end for
end while
return $\hat{\boldsymbol{c}}$
\end{algorithm}
\end{subfigure}%
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\begin{algorithm}[caption={}, label={},]
Initialize $\tilde{\boldsymbol{c}}, \boldsymbol{z}, \boldsymbol{u}, \boldsymbol{\gamma}, \rho$
while stopping criterion unfulfilled do
for $j$ in $\mathcal{J}$ do
$\boldsymbol{z}_j \leftarrow \Pi_{P_{d_j}}\left(
\boldsymbol{T}_j\tilde{\boldsymbol{c}} + \boldsymbol{u}_j\right)$
$\boldsymbol{u}_j \leftarrow \boldsymbol{u}_j + \boldsymbol{T}_j\tilde{\boldsymbol{c}}
- \boldsymbol{z}_j$
$\textcolor{KITblue}{M_{j\to i} \leftarrow \left( z_j \right)_i - \left( u_j \right)_i,
\hspace{3mm} \forall i \in N_c\left( j \right)}$
end for
for $i$ in $\mathcal{I}$ do
$\tilde{c}_i \leftarrow \frac{1}{d_i}
\left(\sum_{j\in N_v\left( i \right) } M_{j\to i}
- \frac{\gamma_i}{\mu} \right)$|\Suppressnumber|
|\vspace{7mm}\Reactivatenumber|
end for
end while
return $\hat{\boldsymbol{c}}$
\end{algorithm}
\end{subfigure}%
\end{figure}%
\end{frame}

36
sections/conclusion.tex Normal file
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\section{Conclusion and Outlook}%
\label{sec:Conclusion}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}[t]
\frametitle{Conclusion}
\begin{itemize}
\item Analysis of the general behavior of the two decoding algorithms
\begin{itemize}
\item Parameter choice based on decoding performance and time complexity
\item Verification of theoretical considerations with simulation results
\end{itemize}
\item Suggestion for improvement of proximal decoding
\begin{itemize}
\item Addition of "ML-in-the-List" step
\item Up to $\sim \SI{1}{dB}$ gain under certain conditions
\end{itemize}
\item Comparison
\begin{itemize}
\item Based on simulation results
\item Based on their theoretical structure
\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
\bigskip
\begin{itemize}
\item Future work
\begin{itemize}
\item Usage of adaptive LP decoding to lower runtime or approximate ML performance
\item Combination of proximal and LP decoding
\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}

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\section{Analysis}%
\label{sec:Analysis}

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\section{Forthcoming Analysis}%
\label{sec:Forthcoming Examinations}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\subsection{LP Decoding}%
\label{sub:Forth Exam LP Decoding}
\begin{frame}[t]
\frametitle{Forthcoming Analysis}
\begin{itemize}
\item Test ADMM (Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers)
as an optimization method for LP decoding
\begin{itemize}
\item In LP decoding, the ML decoding problem is reduced to a linear program,
which can be solved in polynomial time \cite{lautern}
\item ADMM is intended to blend the decomposability
of dual ascent with the superior convergence properties of the method
of multipliers \cite{distr_opt_book}
\item ADMM has been proposed for efficient LP decoding
\cite{efficient_lp_dec_admm}
\end{itemize}
\item Compare ADMM implementation with proximal decoding implementation with respect to
\begin{itemize}
\item decoding performance (BER, FER)
\item computational performance (time complexity, actual seconds per frame)
\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}

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\begin{frame}[t]
\frametitle{Questions}
\begin{minipage}[c]{0.65\textwidth}
\centering
\LARGE Thank you for your attention!\\ Any questions?
\end{minipage}%
\begin{minipage}[c]{0.35\textwidth}
\centering
\begin{figure}[H]
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}[every node/.style={scale=14}]
\node at (0, 0) {\textcolor{KITblue}{?}};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{figure}
\end{minipage}
\end{frame}

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\section{Theoretical Background}%
\label{sec:Theoretical Background}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\subsection{Motivation}%
\label{sub:Motivation}
\begin{frame}[t]
\frametitle{Motivation}
\begin{itemize}
\item General ML decoding problem NP-complete \citereference{BMT78}
\item Iterative messagepassing algorithms popular in practice do not guarantee
optimality when the graph contains cycles \citereference{KTP19}
\item Standard message-passing algorithms difficult to analyze \citereference{FEL03}
\end{itemize}
\vspace{3.5cm}
\addreferences
{BMT78}{E. Berlekamp; R. McEliece; H. van Tilborg: \emph{On the inherent intractability
of certain coding problems (Corresp.)}.
IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 24.3 (May 1978), pp. 384386.}
{KTP19}{Banu Kabakulak; Z. Caner Taşkın; Ali Emre Pusane: \emph{Optimizationbased
decoding algorithms for LDPC convolutional codes in communication systems}.
IISE Transactions 51.10 (2019), pp. 10611074.}
{FEL03}{Jon Feldman: \emph{Decoding error-correcting codes via linear programming}.
PhD thesis. MIT, 2003.}
\stopreferences
\end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\subsection{Presumptions}%
\label{sub:Presumptions}
\begin{frame}[t]
\frametitle{Presumptions: Channel \& Modulation}
\tikzstyle{mapper} = [rectangle, minimum width=1.5cm, minimum height=0.7cm,
rounded corners=0.1cm, text centered, draw=black, fill=KITgreen!80]
\begin{figure}[htpb]
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1, transform shape]
\node (in) {$\boldsymbol{c}$};
\node[mapper, right=0.5cm of in] (bpskmap) {Mapper};
\node[right=1.5cm of bpskmap,
draw, circle, inner sep=0pt, minimum size=0.5cm] (add) {$+$};
\node[below=0.5cm of add] (noise) {$\boldsymbol{n}$};
\node[mapper, right=1.5cm of add] (decoder) {Decoder};
\node[mapper, right=1.5cm of decoder] (demapper) {Demapper};
\node[right=0.5cm of demapper] (out) {$\boldsymbol{\hat{c}}$};
\node at ($(bpskmap.east)!0.5!(add.west) + (0,0.3cm)$) {$\boldsymbol{x}$};
\node at ($(add.east)!0.5!(decoder.west) + (0,0.3cm)$) {$\boldsymbol{y}$};
\node at ($(decoder.east)!0.5!(demapper.west) + (0,0.3cm)$) {$\boldsymbol{\hat{x}}$};
\draw[->] (in) -- (bpskmap);
\draw[->] (bpskmap) -- (add);
\draw[->] (add) -- (decoder);
\draw[->] (noise) -- (add);
\draw[->] (decoder) -- (demapper);
\draw[->] (demapper) -- (out);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{figure}
\begin{itemize}
\item All simulations are performed with BPSK:
\begin{align*}
\boldsymbol{x} = \left( -1 \right)^{\boldsymbol{c}},
\hspace{5mm} \boldsymbol{c} \in \mathbb{F}_2^n,
\hspace{2mm} \boldsymbol{x} \in \left\{ -1, 1 \right\}^n
\end{align*}
\item The channel model is AWGN:
\begin{align*}
\boldsymbol{y} = \boldsymbol{x} + \boldsymbol{n},
\hspace{5mm}\boldsymbol{n}\sim \mathcal{N}
\left(0,\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{k}{n}\frac{E_b}{N_0}\right)^{-1}\right),
\hspace{2mm} \boldsymbol{y}, \boldsymbol{n} \in \mathbb{R}^n
\end{align*}
\item All-zeros assumption:
\begin{align*}
\boldsymbol{c} = \boldsymbol{0}
\end{align*}
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\subsection{Optimization as a Decoding Method}%
\label{sub:Optimization as a Decoding Method}
\begin{frame}[t]
\frametitle{Optimization as a Decoding Method}
\begin{minipage}[c]{0.6\linewidth}
\begin{itemize}
\item Reformulate decoding problem as optimization problem
\begin{itemize}
\item Establish objective function
\item Establish constraints
\end{itemize}
\item Use optimization method to solve the new problem
\end{itemize}
\vspace{5mm}
\begin{itemize}
\item Usage of ''$\sim$`` to denote change in domain, e.g.:
\end{itemize}
\vspace*{-2mm}
\hspace*{-10mm}
\begin{minipage}[c]{\textwidth}
\centering
\begin{align*}
\boldsymbol{c} \in \left\{ 0, 1 \right\}^n &\rightarrow
\tilde{\boldsymbol{c}} \in \left[ 0,1 \right]^n \\
\boldsymbol{x} \in \left\{ -1, 1 \right\}^n &\rightarrow
\tilde{\boldsymbol{x}} \in \mathbb{R}^n
\end{align*}
\end{minipage}
\end{minipage}%
\hfill%
\begin{minipage}[c]{0.4\linewidth}
\begin{figure}[H]
\centering
\tikzstyle{codeword} = [color=KITblue, fill=KITblue,
draw, circle, inner sep=0pt, minimum size=4pt]
\tdplotsetmaincoords{60}{245}
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1, transform shape, tdplot_main_coords]
\tikzstyle{every node}=[font=\normalsize]
% Cube
\draw[dashed] (0, 0, 0) -- (2, 0, 0);
\draw[dashed] (2, 0, 0) -- (2, 0, 2);
\draw[] (2, 0, 2) -- (0, 0, 2);
\draw[] (0, 0, 2) -- (0, 0, 0);
\draw[] (0, 2, 0) -- (2, 2, 0);
\draw[] (2, 2, 0) -- (2, 2, 2);
\draw[] (2, 2, 2) -- (0, 2, 2);
\draw[] (0, 2, 2) -- (0, 2, 0);
\draw[] (0, 0, 0) -- (0, 2, 0);
\draw[dashed] (2, 0, 0) -- (2, 2, 0);
\draw[] (2, 0, 2) -- (2, 2, 2);
\draw[] (0, 0, 2) -- (0, 2, 2);
% Codeword Polytope
% \draw[line width=1pt, color=KITblue] (0, 0, 0) -- (2, 0, 2);
% \draw[line width=1pt, color=KITblue] (0, 0, 0) -- (2, 2, 0);
% \draw[line width=1pt, color=KITblue] (0, 0, 0) -- (0, 2, 2);
% \draw[line width=1pt, color=KITblue] (2, 0, 2) -- (2, 2, 0);
% \draw[line width=1pt, color=KITblue] (2, 0, 2) -- (0, 2, 2);
% \draw[line width=1pt, color=KITblue] (0, 2, 2) -- (2, 2, 0);
% Polytope Annotations
\node[codeword] (c000) at (0, 0, 0) {};% {$\left( 0, 0, 0 \right) $};
\node[codeword] (c101) at (2, 0, 2) {};% {$\left( 1, 0, 1 \right) $};
\node[codeword] (c110) at (2, 2, 0) {};% {$\left( 1, 1, 0 \right) $};
\node[codeword] (c011) at (0, 2, 2) {};% {$\left( 0, 1, 1 \right) $};
\node[color=KITblue, right=0cm of c000] {$\left( 0, 0, 0 \right) $};
\node[color=KITblue, above=0cm of c101] {$\left( 1, 0, 1 \right) $};
\node[color=KITblue, left=0cm of c110] {$\left( 1, 1, 0 \right) $};
\node[color=KITblue, left=0cm of c011] {$\left( 0, 1, 1 \right) $};
% f
\node[color=KITgreen, fill=KITgreen,
draw, circle, inner sep=0pt, minimum size=4pt] (f) at (0.7, 0.7, 1) {};
\node[color=KITgreen, right=0cm of f] {$\tilde{\boldsymbol{c}}$};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{figure}
\end{minipage}
\end{frame}