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paper.tex
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paper.tex
@ -126,8 +126,6 @@ Effect of the Choice of Hydration Strategy on Average Academic Performance}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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%
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% \vspace*{-10mm}
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\begin{abstract}
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We evaluate the relationship between hydration strategy and
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academic performance and project that by using the right button of
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@ -179,14 +177,6 @@ and $S_\text{B}$ pressing both buttons.
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For the system measurement $10$ datapoints were recorded for each strategy,
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for the behavioural measurement $113$ in total.
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% As is always the case with measurements, care must be taken not to alter
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% quantities by measuring them. To this end, we made sure only to take system
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% measurements in the absence of participants and to only record data on the
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% behaviour of participants discreetly.
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% TODO: Describe the actual measurement setup? (e.g., filling up a 0.7l bottle
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% and timing with a standard smartphone timer)
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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\section{Experimental Results}
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@ -235,9 +225,6 @@ Whitney U test. We found that $S _\text{L}$ is faster than $S_\text{R}$ with a
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significance of $p < 0.0001$, while no significant statement could be made
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about $S_\text{R}$ and $S_\text{B}$.
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Fig. \ref{fig:Behavior} shows the results of the behavioural measurement.
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% During this part of the experiment, we also measured the time each participant
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% needed to fill up their bottle. Using the measured flowrates we calculated
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% the mean refill volume to be $\SI{673.92}{\milli\liter}$.
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\begin{figure}[H]
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\centering
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@ -289,42 +276,6 @@ S \mright\}$ the system utilization. Using our
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experimental data we can approximate all parameters and obtain
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$W \approx \SI{23.3}{\second}$. The difference to always using
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the fastest strategy amounts to $\SI{4.14}{\second}$.
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% We examine the effects of the choice of hydration strategy. To
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% this end, we start by estimating the potential time savings possible by always
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% choosing the fastest strategy:%
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% %
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% % We can model the time needed for one person to refill their
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% bottle as a random
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% % variable (RV) $T_1 = V/R$ and the time saved by choosing the
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% fastest strategy
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% % as $\Delta T_1 = T_1 - V/\max r$, where $V$ and $R$ are RVs representing the
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% % bottle volume and flowrate. The potential time saving for the
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% last person in a
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% % queue of $N$ people is thus $\Delta T_N = N\cdot\Delta T_1$. We
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% can then model
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% % the total time savings as $\Delta T_\text{tot} = \sum_{n=1}^{N} \Delta T_n$,
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% % where N is an RV describing the queue length. Assuming the
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% independence of all
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% % RVs we can compute the mean total time savings as
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% %
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% \begin{gather*}
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% T_1 = V/R, \hspace{3mm} \Delta T_1 = T_1 - V/\max R,
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% \hspace{3mm} \Delta T_n = n \cdot \Delta T_1 \\
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% \Delta T_\text{tot} = \sum_{n=1}^{N} \Delta T_\text{n} =
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% \sum_{n=1}^{N} n \cdot \Delta T_1 = \Delta T_1 \frac{N\mleft( N+1
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% \mright)}{2} \\
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% \Delta t := E\mleft\{ \Delta T_\text{tot} \mright\} = E\mleft\{
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% \Delta T_1 \mright\} \cdot \mleft[ E\mleft\{ N^2 \mright\} +
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% E\mleft\{ N \mright\} \mright]/2
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% ,%
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% \end{gather*}
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% %
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% where $V$ and $R$ are random variables (RVs) representing the volume of a
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% bottle and the flowrate, $\Delta T_n$ describes the time the last of $n$
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% people saves, $\Delta T_\text{tot}$ the total time savings and $N$ the length
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% of the queue. It is plausible to assume independence of $R,V$ and $N$.
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% Using our experimental measurements we estimate $\todo{\Delta t =
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% \SI{20}{\second}}$
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Strangely, it is the consensus of current research that there is only
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a weak relationship between academic performance and hours studied
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@ -342,18 +293,6 @@ arrival process and the relationship between the response time gain
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the grade gain. Nevertheless, we believe this work serves as a solid
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first step on the path towards achieving optimal study behaviour.
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% Many attempts have been made in the literature to relate
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% the time spent studying to academic achievement - see, e.g.
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% \cite{schuman_effort_1985, zulauf_use_1999, michaels_academic_1989,
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% dickinson_effect_1990}.
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% The overwhelming consensus is that there is a significant relationship,
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% though it is a weak one.
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%
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%Many of the studies were only performed over
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% a period of one week or even day, so we believe care should be taken when
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% generlizing these results. Nevertheless, the overwhelming consensus in the
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% literature is that a significant relationship exists, though it is a weak one.
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% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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% \section{Conclusion}
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@ -365,15 +304,6 @@ improvement of up to $0.00103$ levels. We thus propose a novel and
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broadly applicable strategy to boost the average academic performance
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of KIT students: always using the right button.
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% Further research is needed to develop a better model of how the choice of
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% hydration strategy is related to academic performance. We
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% suspect that there is a compounding effect that leads to $S_\text{L}$ being an
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% even worse choice of hydration strategy: When the queue is long, students are
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% less likely to refill their empty water bottles, leading to reduced mental
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% ability. Nevertheless, we believe that with this work we have laid a solid
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% foundation and hope that our results will find widespread acceptance among the
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% local student population.
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%
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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% Bibliography
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@ -382,75 +312,4 @@ of KIT students: always using the right button.
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\printbibliography
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% \appendix
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%
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% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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% \section{Derivation of Service Time}
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% \label{sec:Derivation of Service Time}
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%
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%
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% We want to compute the response time of our queueing system, i.e.,
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% \cite[Section 14.3]{stewart_probability_2009}
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% \begin{align*}
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% W = E\mleft\{ S \mright\} + \frac{\lambda E\mleft\{ S^2
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% \mright\}}{2\mleft( 1-\rho \mright)}
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% .%
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% \end{align*}%
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% We start by modelling the service time and subsequently calculate $\lambda$
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% and $\rho$.
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%
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% Let $S, V$ and $R$ be random variables denoting the service time,
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% refill volume
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% and refill rate, respectively. Assuming that $V$ and $R$ are independent, we
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% have
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% \begin{gather*}
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% S = \frac{V}{R} \hspace{5mm} \text{and} \hspace{5mm}
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% P_R(r) = \left\{\begin{array}{rl}
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% P(S_\text{L}), & r = r_{S_\text{L}} \\
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% 1-P(S_\text{L}), & r = r_{S_\text{R}}
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% \end{array}\right.
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% \end{gather*}%
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% \begin{align*}
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% E\mleft\{ S^2 \mright\} &= E\mleft\{ V^2 \mright\}E\mleft\{ 1 /
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% R^2 \mright\} \\
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% & = E\mleft\{ V^2 \mright\} \mleft(
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% P(S_\text{L})\frac{1}{r^2_{S_\text{L}}} + \mleft( 1 - P(S_\text{L})
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% \mright)\frac{1}{r^2_{S_\text{R}}} \mright)
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% .%
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% \end{align*}
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% We now use our experimental data (having calculated $v_n, n\in [1:N]$ from the
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% measured fill times and flow rates) to compute
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% \begin{align*}
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% \left.
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% \begin{array}{r}
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% E\mleft\{ V^2 \mright\} \approx \frac{1}{N+1}
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% \sum_{n=1}^{N} v_n^2 = \todo{15}\\
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% P(S_\text{L}) \approx \frac{\text{\# times $S_\text{L}$ was
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% chosen}}{N} = \todo{123} \\
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% r^2_{S_\text{L}} \approx \todo{125} \\
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% r^2_{S_\text{R}} \approx \todo{250}
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% \end{array}
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% \right\} \Rightarrow
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% \left\{
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% \begin{array}{l}
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% E\mleft\{ S \mright\} \approx \todo{678} \\
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% E\mleft\{ S^2 \mright\} \approx \todo{123}
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% \end{array}
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% \right.
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% .%
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% \end{align*}
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%
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% $\lambda$ is the mean arrival time.
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%
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% \todo{
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% \textbf{TODOs:}
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% \begin{itemize}
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% \item Complete text describing / obtaining $\rho$ and $\lambda$
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% \item Move model derivation to method section
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% \item Move calculations with model to results section
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% \item Add grade gain derivation
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% \item Idea: Make the whole thing 2 pages and print on A3
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% \end{itemize}
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% }
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\end{document}
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