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Andreas Tsouchlos 2025-05-30 00:04:51 -04:00
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@ -126,8 +126,6 @@ Effect of the Choice of Hydration Strategy on Average Academic Performance}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
% \vspace*{-10mm}
\begin{abstract}
We evaluate the relationship between hydration strategy and
academic performance and project that by using the right button of
@ -179,14 +177,6 @@ and $S_\text{B}$ pressing both buttons.
For the system measurement $10$ datapoints were recorded for each strategy,
for the behavioural measurement $113$ in total.
% As is always the case with measurements, care must be taken not to alter
% quantities by measuring them. To this end, we made sure only to take system
% measurements in the absence of participants and to only record data on the
% behaviour of participants discreetly.
% TODO: Describe the actual measurement setup? (e.g., filling up a 0.7l bottle
% and timing with a standard smartphone timer)
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\section{Experimental Results}
@ -235,9 +225,6 @@ Whitney U test. We found that $S _\text{L}$ is faster than $S_\text{R}$ with a
significance of $p < 0.0001$, while no significant statement could be made
about $S_\text{R}$ and $S_\text{B}$.
Fig. \ref{fig:Behavior} shows the results of the behavioural measurement.
% During this part of the experiment, we also measured the time each participant
% needed to fill up their bottle. Using the measured flowrates we calculated
% the mean refill volume to be $\SI{673.92}{\milli\liter}$.
\begin{figure}[H]
\centering
@ -289,42 +276,6 @@ S \mright\}$ the system utilization. Using our
experimental data we can approximate all parameters and obtain
$W \approx \SI{23.3}{\second}$. The difference to always using
the fastest strategy amounts to $\SI{4.14}{\second}$.
% We examine the effects of the choice of hydration strategy. To
% this end, we start by estimating the potential time savings possible by always
% choosing the fastest strategy:%
% %
% % We can model the time needed for one person to refill their
% bottle as a random
% % variable (RV) $T_1 = V/R$ and the time saved by choosing the
% fastest strategy
% % as $\Delta T_1 = T_1 - V/\max r$, where $V$ and $R$ are RVs representing the
% % bottle volume and flowrate. The potential time saving for the
% last person in a
% % queue of $N$ people is thus $\Delta T_N = N\cdot\Delta T_1$. We
% can then model
% % the total time savings as $\Delta T_\text{tot} = \sum_{n=1}^{N} \Delta T_n$,
% % where N is an RV describing the queue length. Assuming the
% independence of all
% % RVs we can compute the mean total time savings as
% %
% \begin{gather*}
% T_1 = V/R, \hspace{3mm} \Delta T_1 = T_1 - V/\max R,
% \hspace{3mm} \Delta T_n = n \cdot \Delta T_1 \\
% \Delta T_\text{tot} = \sum_{n=1}^{N} \Delta T_\text{n} =
% \sum_{n=1}^{N} n \cdot \Delta T_1 = \Delta T_1 \frac{N\mleft( N+1
% \mright)}{2} \\
% \Delta t := E\mleft\{ \Delta T_\text{tot} \mright\} = E\mleft\{
% \Delta T_1 \mright\} \cdot \mleft[ E\mleft\{ N^2 \mright\} +
% E\mleft\{ N \mright\} \mright]/2
% ,%
% \end{gather*}
% %
% where $V$ and $R$ are random variables (RVs) representing the volume of a
% bottle and the flowrate, $\Delta T_n$ describes the time the last of $n$
% people saves, $\Delta T_\text{tot}$ the total time savings and $N$ the length
% of the queue. It is plausible to assume independence of $R,V$ and $N$.
% Using our experimental measurements we estimate $\todo{\Delta t =
% \SI{20}{\second}}$
Strangely, it is the consensus of current research that there is only
a weak relationship between academic performance and hours studied
@ -342,18 +293,6 @@ arrival process and the relationship between the response time gain
the grade gain. Nevertheless, we believe this work serves as a solid
first step on the path towards achieving optimal study behaviour.
% Many attempts have been made in the literature to relate
% the time spent studying to academic achievement - see, e.g.
% \cite{schuman_effort_1985, zulauf_use_1999, michaels_academic_1989,
% dickinson_effect_1990}.
% The overwhelming consensus is that there is a significant relationship,
% though it is a weak one.
%
%Many of the studies were only performed over
% a period of one week or even day, so we believe care should be taken when
% generlizing these results. Nevertheless, the overwhelming consensus in the
% literature is that a significant relationship exists, though it is a weak one.
% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% \section{Conclusion}
@ -365,15 +304,6 @@ improvement of up to $0.00103$ levels. We thus propose a novel and
broadly applicable strategy to boost the average academic performance
of KIT students: always using the right button.
% Further research is needed to develop a better model of how the choice of
% hydration strategy is related to academic performance. We
% suspect that there is a compounding effect that leads to $S_\text{L}$ being an
% even worse choice of hydration strategy: When the queue is long, students are
% less likely to refill their empty water bottles, leading to reduced mental
% ability. Nevertheless, we believe that with this work we have laid a solid
% foundation and hope that our results will find widespread acceptance among the
% local student population.
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% Bibliography
@ -382,75 +312,4 @@ of KIT students: always using the right button.
\printbibliography
% \appendix
%
% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% \section{Derivation of Service Time}
% \label{sec:Derivation of Service Time}
%
%
% We want to compute the response time of our queueing system, i.e.,
% \cite[Section 14.3]{stewart_probability_2009}
% \begin{align*}
% W = E\mleft\{ S \mright\} + \frac{\lambda E\mleft\{ S^2
% \mright\}}{2\mleft( 1-\rho \mright)}
% .%
% \end{align*}%
% We start by modelling the service time and subsequently calculate $\lambda$
% and $\rho$.
%
% Let $S, V$ and $R$ be random variables denoting the service time,
% refill volume
% and refill rate, respectively. Assuming that $V$ and $R$ are independent, we
% have
% \begin{gather*}
% S = \frac{V}{R} \hspace{5mm} \text{and} \hspace{5mm}
% P_R(r) = \left\{\begin{array}{rl}
% P(S_\text{L}), & r = r_{S_\text{L}} \\
% 1-P(S_\text{L}), & r = r_{S_\text{R}}
% \end{array}\right.
% \end{gather*}%
% \begin{align*}
% E\mleft\{ S^2 \mright\} &= E\mleft\{ V^2 \mright\}E\mleft\{ 1 /
% R^2 \mright\} \\
% & = E\mleft\{ V^2 \mright\} \mleft(
% P(S_\text{L})\frac{1}{r^2_{S_\text{L}}} + \mleft( 1 - P(S_\text{L})
% \mright)\frac{1}{r^2_{S_\text{R}}} \mright)
% .%
% \end{align*}
% We now use our experimental data (having calculated $v_n, n\in [1:N]$ from the
% measured fill times and flow rates) to compute
% \begin{align*}
% \left.
% \begin{array}{r}
% E\mleft\{ V^2 \mright\} \approx \frac{1}{N+1}
% \sum_{n=1}^{N} v_n^2 = \todo{15}\\
% P(S_\text{L}) \approx \frac{\text{\# times $S_\text{L}$ was
% chosen}}{N} = \todo{123} \\
% r^2_{S_\text{L}} \approx \todo{125} \\
% r^2_{S_\text{R}} \approx \todo{250}
% \end{array}
% \right\} \Rightarrow
% \left\{
% \begin{array}{l}
% E\mleft\{ S \mright\} \approx \todo{678} \\
% E\mleft\{ S^2 \mright\} \approx \todo{123}
% \end{array}
% \right.
% .%
% \end{align*}
%
% $\lambda$ is the mean arrival time.
%
% \todo{
% \textbf{TODOs:}
% \begin{itemize}
% \item Complete text describing / obtaining $\rho$ and $\lambda$
% \item Move model derivation to method section
% \item Move calculations with model to results section
% \item Add grade gain derivation
% \item Idea: Make the whole thing 2 pages and print on A3
% \end{itemize}
% }
\end{document}