\section{Examination Results}%
\label{sec:Examination Results}


\subsection{Proximal Decoding}%
\label{sub:Ex Proximal Decoding}


%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}[t]
    \frametitle{Proximal Decoding: Bit Error Rate and Performance}
    \begin{itemize}
        \item Comparison of simulation
            \footnote{(3,6) regular LDPC Code with $n=204, k=102$
            \cite[\text{204.33.484}]{mackay_enc}}
            with results of Wadayama and Takabe

            \begin{figure}[H]
                \centering

                \begin{subfigure}{0.5\textwidth}
                    \centering

                    \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.45]
                        \begin{axis}[
                            grid=both,
                            xlabel={$E_b / N_0$ (dB)}, ylabel={Bit Error Rate},
                            ymode=log,
                            legend style={at={(0.05,0.05)},anchor=south west},
                            width=11.5cm,
                            height=8cm,
                            ytick={0, 1e-1, 1e-2, 1e-3, 1e-4},
                            xtick={1, 2, 3, 4, 5},
                            ymax=1.2, ymin=0.8e-4,
                            xmin=0.9, xmax=5.6,
                        ]
                        \addplot table [x=SNR, y=BER, col sep=comma,
                                        discard if not={gamma}{0.15},
                                        discard if gt={SNR}{5.5},]
                            {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
                        \addlegendentry{$\gamma = 0.15$}
                        \addplot table [x=SNR, y=BER, col sep=comma,
                                        discard if not={gamma}{0.01},
                                        discard if gt={SNR}{5.5},]
                            {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
                        \addlegendentry{$\gamma = 0.01$}
                        \addplot table [x=SNR, y=BER, col sep=comma,
                                        discard if not={gamma}{0.05},
                                        discard if gt={SNR}{5.5},]
                            {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
                        \addlegendentry{$\gamma = 0.05$}
                        \end{axis}
                    \end{tikzpicture}
                
                    \caption{Simulation results for $\omega = 0.05, K=100$}
                    \label{fig:sim_results_prox}
                \end{subfigure}%
                \begin{subfigure}{0.5\textwidth}
                    \centering

                    \includegraphics[scale=0.6]{res/ber_paper}

                    \caption{Results from ``Proximal Decoding for LDPC Codes''}
                    \label{fig:paper_results_prox}
                \end{subfigure}%
                
            \end{figure}

        \item $\mathcal{O}\left(n  \right) $ time complexity - same as BP;
            Only multiplication and addition necessary \cite{proximal_paper}
        \item Measured Performance: $\sim\SI{10000}{frames / \second}$
            - Intel Core i7-7700HQ @ 2.80GHz; $n=204$
    \end{itemize}
    \vspace{3mm}
\end{frame}


%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}[t]
    \frametitle{Proximal Decoding: Choice of $\gamma$}
    \setcounter{footnote}{0} 
    
    \begin{itemize}
        \item Comparison of simulation
            \footnote{(3,6) regular LDPC Code with $n=204, k=102$
            \cite[\text{204.33.484}]{mackay_enc}}
            results for different values of $\gamma$
    \end{itemize}

    \begin{figure}[H]
        \centering
        
        \begin{subfigure}[c]{0.5\textwidth}
            \centering
            \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.52]
                \begin{semilogyaxis}[xlabel={$E_b / N_0$  (dB)}, ylabel={BER},
                                     grid=both, grid style={line width=.1pt},
                                     legend style={at={(0.05,0.05)},anchor=south west},
                                     ymin=3e-7, ymax=1.5,]
                    \foreach \gamma in {0.01, 0.05, 0.15}{
                        \addplot table [x=SNR, y=BER,
                                        col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{\gamma}]
                                    {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
                        \legend{\gamma}
                    }
                    \legend{$\gamma=0.01$, $\gamma=0.05$, $\gamma=0.15$}
                \end{semilogyaxis}
            \end{tikzpicture}
        \end{subfigure}%
        \begin{subfigure}[c]{0.5\textwidth}
            \centering
        
            \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.55]
                \begin{axis}[view={75}{60},
                             zmode=log,
                             xlabel={$E_b / N_0$ (dB)},
                             ylabel={$\gamma$},
                             zlabel={BER},]
                    \addplot3[surf,
                              mesh/rows=17, mesh/cols=14,
                              colormap/viridis] table [col sep=comma,
                                                       x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
                                                    {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{$\gamma = \left[ 0\text{:}.01\text{:}.16 \right] $}
                    \addplot3[red, line width=1.5] table [col sep=comma,
                                                          discard if not={gamma}{0.05},
                                                          x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
                                                    {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{$\gamma = 0.05$}
                    \addplot3[blue, line width=1.5] table [col sep=comma,
                                                           discard if not={gamma}{0.01},
                                                           x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
                                                    {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{$\gamma = 0.01$}
                    \addplot3[brown, line width=1.5] table [col sep=comma,
                                                            discard if not={gamma}{0.15},
                                                            x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
                                                    {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{$\gamma = 0.15$}
                \end{axis}
            \end{tikzpicture}
        \end{subfigure}

        \caption{BER for $\omega = 0.05, K=100$}
        \label{fig:ber_3d}
    \end{figure}

    \begin{itemize}
        \item Not great benefit in finding the optimal value for $\gamma$
    \end{itemize}
    \vspace{3mm}
\end{frame}


%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}[t]
    \frametitle{Proximal Decoding: Choice of $\gamma$}
   
    \begin{figure}[H]
        \vspace*{-0.5cm}
        \centering
        \begin{subfigure}[c]{0.33\textwidth}
            \centering
            \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.35]
                \begin{axis}[view={75}{60},
                             zmode=log,
                             xlabel={$E_b / N_0$ (dB)},
                             ylabel={$\gamma$},
                             zlabel={BER},]
                    \addplot3[surf,
                              mesh/rows=17, mesh/cols=10,
                              colormap/viridis] table [col sep=comma,
                                                       x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
                                                    {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_963965.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{$\gamma = \left[ 0\text{:}.01\text{:}.16 \right] $}
                    \addplot3[red, line width=1.5] table[col sep=comma,
                                                         discard if not={gamma}{0.05},
                                                         x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
                                                    {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_963965.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{$\gamma = 0.05$}
                    \addplot3[blue, line width=1.5] table[col sep=comma,
                                                          discard if not={gamma}{0.01},
                                                          x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
                                                    {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_963965.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{$\gamma = 0.01$}
                    \addplot3[brown, line width=1.5] table[col sep=comma,
                                                           discard if not={gamma}{0.15},
                                                           x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
                                                    {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_963965.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{$\gamma = 0.15$}
                \end{axis}
            \end{tikzpicture}
            \caption{$\left( 3, 6 \right)$-regular LDPC code with $n=96, k=48$\\ \cite[\text{96.3.965}]{mackay_enc}}
        \end{subfigure}%
        \begin{subfigure}[c]{0.33\textwidth}
            \centering
            \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.35]
                \begin{axis}[view={75}{60},
                             zmode=log,
                             xlabel={$E_b/N_0$ (dB)},
                             ylabel={$\gamma$},
                             zlabel={BER},]
                    \addplot3[surf,
                              mesh/rows=17, mesh/cols=14,
                              colormap/viridis] table [col sep=comma,
                                                       x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
                                                    {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{$\gamma = \left[ 0\text{:}.01\text{:}.16 \right] $}
                    \addplot3[red, line width=1.5] table[col sep=comma,
                                                         discard if not={gamma}{0.05},
                                                         x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
                                                    {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{$\gamma = 0.05$}
                    \addplot3[blue, line width=1.5] table[col sep=comma,
                                                          discard if not={gamma}{0.01},
                                                          x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
                                                    {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{$\gamma = 0.01$}
                    \addplot3[brown, line width=1.5] table[col sep=comma,
                                                           discard if not={gamma}{0.15},
                                                           x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
                                                    {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{$\gamma = 0.15$}
                \end{axis}
            \end{tikzpicture}
        \caption{$\left( 3, 6 \right)$-regular LDPC code with $n=204, k=102$\\ \cite[\text{204.33.484}]{mackay_enc}}
        \end{subfigure}%
        \begin{subfigure}[c]{0.33\textwidth}
            \centering
            \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.35]
                \begin{axis}[view={75}{60},
                             zmode=log,
                             xlabel={$E_b / N_0$ (dB)},
                             ylabel={$\gamma$},
                             zlabel={BER},]
                    \addplot3[surf,
                              mesh/rows=17, mesh/cols=10,
                              colormap/viridis] table [col sep=comma,
                                                       x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
                                                    {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_40833844.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{$\gamma = \left[ 0\text{:}.01\text{:}.16 \right] $}
                    \addplot3[red, line width=1.5] table[col sep=comma,
                                                         discard if not={gamma}{0.05},
                                                         x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
                                                    {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_40833844.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{$\gamma = 0.05$}
                    \addplot3[blue, line width=1.5] table[col sep=comma,
                                                          discard if not={gamma}{0.01},
                                                          x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
                                                    {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_40833844.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{$\gamma = 0.01$}
                    \addplot3[brown, line width=1.5] table[col sep=comma,
                                                           discard if not={gamma}{0.15},
                                                           x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
                                                    {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_40833844.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{$\gamma = 0.15$}
                \end{axis}
            \end{tikzpicture}
        \caption{$\left( 3, 6 \right)$-regular LDPC code with $n=408, k=204$\\ \cite[\text{408.33.844}]{mackay_enc}}
        \end{subfigure}
        \begin{subfigure}[c]{0.33\textwidth}
            \centering
            \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.35]
                \begin{axis}[view={75}{60},
                             zmode=log,
                             xlabel={$E_b / N_0$ (dB)},
                             ylabel={$\gamma$},
                             zlabel={BER},]
                    \addplot3[surf,
                              mesh/rows=17, mesh/cols=10,
                              colormap/viridis] table [col sep=comma,
                                                       x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
                                                    {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_bch_31_26.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{$\gamma = \left[ 0\text{:}.01\text{:}.16 \right] $}
                    \addplot3[red, line width=1.5] table[col sep=comma,
                                                         discard if not={gamma}{0.05},
                                                         x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
                                                    {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_bch_31_26.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{$\gamma = 0.05$}
                    \addplot3[blue, line width=1.5] table[col sep=comma,
                                                          discard if not={gamma}{0.01},
                                                          x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
                                                    {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_bch_31_26.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{$\gamma = 0.01$}
                    \addplot3[brown, line width=1.5] table[col sep=comma,
                                                           discard if not={gamma}{0.15},
                                                           x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
                                                    {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_bch_31_26.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{$\gamma = 0.15$}
                \end{axis}
            \end{tikzpicture}
            \caption{BCH code with $n=31, k=26$\\[2\baselineskip]}
        \end{subfigure}%
        \begin{subfigure}[c]{0.33\textwidth}
            \centering
            \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.35]
                \begin{axis}[view={75}{60},
                             zmode=log,
                             xlabel={$E_b / N_0$ (dB)},
                             ylabel={$\gamma$},
                             zlabel={BER},]
                    \addplot3[surf,
                              mesh/rows=17, mesh/cols=10,
                              colormap/viridis] table [col sep=comma,
                                                       x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
                                                    {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20455187.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{$\gamma = \left[ 0\text{:}.01\text{:}.16 \right] $}
                    \addplot3[red, line width=1.5] table[col sep=comma,
                                                         discard if not={gamma}{0.05},
                                                         x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
                                                    {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20455187.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{$\gamma = 0.05$}
                    \addplot3[blue, line width=1.5] table[col sep=comma,
                                                          discard if not={gamma}{0.01},
                                                          x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
                                                    {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20455187.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{$\gamma = 0.01$}
                    \addplot3[brown, line width=1.5] table[col sep=comma,
                                                           discard if not={gamma}{0.15},
                                                           x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
                                                    {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20455187.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{$\gamma = 0.15$}
                \end{axis}
            \end{tikzpicture}
        \caption{$\left( 5, 10 \right)$-regular LDPC code with $n=204, k=102$\\ \cite[\text{204.55.187}]{mackay_enc}}
        \end{subfigure}%
        \begin{subfigure}[c]{0.33\textwidth}
            \centering
            \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.35]
                \begin{axis}[view={75}{60},
                             zmode=log,
                             xlabel={$E_b / N_0$ (dB)},
                             ylabel={$\gamma$},
                             zlabel={BER},]
                    \addplot3[surf,
                              mesh/rows=17, mesh/cols=10,
                              colormap/viridis] table [col sep=comma,
                                                       x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
                                                    {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_pegreg252x504.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{$\gamma = \left[ 0\text{:}.01\text{:}.16 \right] $}
                    \addplot3[red, line width=1.5] table[col sep=comma,
                                                         discard if not={gamma}{0.05},
                                                         x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
                                                    {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_pegreg252x504.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{$\gamma = 0.05$}
                    \addplot3[blue, line width=1.5] table[col sep=comma,
                                                          discard if not={gamma}{0.01},
                                                          x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
                                                    {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_pegreg252x504.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{$\gamma = 0.01$}
                    \addplot3[brown, line width=1.5] table[col sep=comma,
                                                           discard if not={gamma}{0.15},
                                                           x=SNR, y=gamma, z=BER]
                                                    {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_pegreg252x504.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{$\gamma = 0.15$}
                \end{axis}
            \end{tikzpicture}
        \caption{LDPC code (Progressive Edge Growth Construction) with $n=504, k=252$\\ \cite[\text{PEGReg252x504}]{mackay_enc}}
        \end{subfigure}%
    \end{figure}
\end{frame}


%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}[t, fragile]
    \frametitle{Proximal Decoding: Frame Error Rate}
    \setcounter{footnote}{0} 

    \begin{itemize}
        \item Comparison of simulated
            \footnote{(3,6) regular LDPC Code with $n=204, k=102$
            \cite[\text{204.33.484}]{mackay_enc}}
            BER and FER
    \end{itemize}

    \begin{minipage}{.4\textwidth}
        \centering

        \begin{figure}[htpb]
            \centering

            \begin{algorithm}[caption={}, label={},
            basicstyle=\fontsize{7.5}{9.5}\selectfont
            ]
$\boldsymbol{s}^{\left( 0 \right)} = \boldsymbol{0}$
for $k=0$ to $K-1$ do
    $\boldsymbol{r}^{\left( k+1 \right)} = \boldsymbol{s}^{(k)} - \omega \nabla L \left( \boldsymbol{s}^{(k)}; \boldsymbol{y} \right) $
    Compute $\nabla h\left( \boldsymbol{r}^{\left( k+1 \right) } \right)$
    $\boldsymbol{s}^{\left( k+1 \right)} = \boldsymbol{r}^{(k+1)} - \gamma \nabla h\left( \boldsymbol{r}^{\left( k+1 \right) } \right) $
    $\boldsymbol{\hat{x}} = \text{sign}\left( \boldsymbol{s}^{\left( k+1 \right) } \right) $
    If $\boldsymbol{\hat{x}}$ passes the parity check condition, break the loop.
end for
Output $\boldsymbol{\hat{x}}$
            \end{algorithm}

            \caption{Proximal decoding algorithm \cite{proximal_paper}}
        \end{figure}
    \end{minipage}%
    \begin{minipage}{.6\textwidth}
        \centering
        \begin{figure}[H]
            \vspace*{-8mm}
            \centering
        
            \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.42]
                \begin{axis}[
                    grid=both,
                    xlabel={$E_b / N_0$ (dB)}, ylabel={BER},
                    ymode=log,
                    legend style={at={(0.05,0.05)},anchor=south west},
                    ymax=1.5, ymin=3e-7,
                ]
                \addplot table [x=SNR, y=BER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.15}]
                    {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
                \addlegendentry{$\gamma = 0.15$}
                \addplot table [x=SNR, y=BER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.01}]
                    {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
                \addlegendentry{$\gamma = 0.01$}
                \addplot table [x=SNR, y=BER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.05}]
                    {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
                \addlegendentry{$\gamma = 0.05$}
                \end{axis}
            \end{tikzpicture}
            \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.42]
                \begin{axis}[
                    grid=both,
                    xlabel={$E_b / N_0$ (dB)}, ylabel={FER},
                    ymode=log,
                    legend style={at={(0.05,0.05)},anchor=south west},
                    ymax=1.5, ymin=3e-7,
                ]
                \addplot table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.15}]
                    {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
                \addlegendentry{$\gamma = 0.15$}
                \addplot table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.01}]
                    {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
                \addlegendentry{$\gamma = 0.01$}
                \addplot table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.05}]
                    {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
                \addlegendentry{$\gamma = 0.05$}
                \end{axis}
            \end{tikzpicture}\\
            \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.42]
                \begin{axis}[
                    grid=both,
                    xlabel={$E_b / N_0$ (dB)}, ylabel={Decoding Failure Rate},
                    ymode=log,
                    legend style={at={(0.05,0.05)},anchor=south west},
                    ymax=1.5, ymin=3e-7,
                ]
                \addplot table [x=SNR, y=DFR, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.15}]
                    {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
                \addlegendentry{$\gamma = 0.15$}
                \addplot table [x=SNR, y=DFR, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.01}]
                    {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
                \addlegendentry{$\gamma = 0.01$}
                \addplot table [x=SNR, y=DFR, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.05}]
                    {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
                \addlegendentry{$\gamma = 0.05$}
                \end{axis}
            \end{tikzpicture}
        
            \caption{Simulation results for $\omega = 0.05, K=100$}
            \label{fig:simulation_results_ber_fer_dfr}
        \end{figure}
    \end{minipage} 
\end{frame}


%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}[t]
    \frametitle{Proximal Decoding: Oscillation of Estimate}
    \setcounter{footnote}{0} 

    \begin{itemize}
        \item $\nabla L$ and $\nabla h$ generally end up in an equilibrium
    \end{itemize}

    \todo{Fix $K=100\ne 200$}

    \begin{figure}[H]
        \begin{minipage}[c]{0.25\textwidth}
            \centering

            \begin{tikzpicture}[scale = 0.35]
                \begin{axis}[
                    grid=both,
                    xlabel={$k$},
                    width=8cm,
                    height=3cm,
                    scale only axis,
                ]
                    \addplot +[mark=none, line width=0.7pt]
                        table [col sep=comma, x=k, y=comb_r_s_1]
                            {res/proximal/comp_bch_7_4_combined.csv};
                    \addplot +[mark=none]
                        table [col sep=comma, x=k, y=grad_L_1]
                            {res/proximal/comp_bch_7_4_combined.csv};
                    \addplot +[mark=none]
                        table [col sep=comma, x=k, y=grad_h_1]
                        {res/proximal/comp_bch_7_4_combined.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{est}
                    \addlegendentry{$\nabla L$}
                    \addlegendentry{$\nabla h$}
                \end{axis}
            \end{tikzpicture}\\
            \begin{tikzpicture}[scale = 0.35]
                \begin{axis}[
                    grid=both,
                    xlabel={$k$},
                    width=8cm,
                    height=3cm,
                    scale only axis,
                ]
                    \addplot +[mark=none, line width=0.7pt]
                        table [col sep=comma, x=k, y=comb_r_s_2]
                            {res/proximal/comp_bch_7_4_combined.csv};
                    \addplot +[mark=none]
                        table [col sep=comma, x=k, y=grad_L_2]
                            {res/proximal/comp_bch_7_4_combined.csv};
                    \addplot +[mark=none]
                        table [col sep=comma, x=k, y=grad_h_2]
                        {res/proximal/comp_bch_7_4_combined.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{est}
                    \addlegendentry{$\nabla L$}
                    \addlegendentry{$\nabla h$}
                \end{axis}
            \end{tikzpicture}\\
            \begin{tikzpicture}[scale = 0.35]
                \begin{axis}[
                    grid=both,
                    xlabel={$k$},
                    width=8cm,
                    height=3cm,
                    scale only axis,
                ]
                    \addplot +[mark=none, line width=0.7pt]
                        table [col sep=comma, x=k, y=comb_r_s_3]
                            {res/proximal/comp_bch_7_4_combined.csv};
                    \addplot +[mark=none]
                        table [col sep=comma, x=k, y=grad_L_3]
                            {res/proximal/comp_bch_7_4_combined.csv};
                    \addplot +[mark=none]
                        table [col sep=comma, x=k, y=grad_h_3]
                        {res/proximal/comp_bch_7_4_combined.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{est}
                    \addlegendentry{$\nabla L$}
                    \addlegendentry{$\nabla h$}
                \end{axis}
            \end{tikzpicture}
        \end{minipage}%
        \begin{minipage}[c]{0.5\textwidth}
            \centering
    
            \begin{tikzpicture}[scale = 0.85]
                \begin{axis}[
                    grid=both,
                    xlabel={$k$},
                    width=8cm,
                    height=3cm,
                    scale only axis,
                ]
                    \addplot +[mark=none, line width=0.7pt]
                        table [col sep=comma, x=k, y=comb_r_s_0]
                            {res/proximal/comp_bch_7_4_combined.csv};
                    \addplot +[mark=none]
                        table [col sep=comma, x=k, y=grad_L_0]
                            {res/proximal/comp_bch_7_4_combined.csv};
                    \addplot +[mark=none]
                        table [col sep=comma, x=k, y=grad_h_0]
                        {res/proximal/comp_bch_7_4_combined.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{est}
                    \addlegendentry{$\nabla L$}
                    \addlegendentry{$\nabla h$}
                \end{axis}
            \end{tikzpicture}
        \end{minipage}%
        \begin{minipage}[c]{0.25\textwidth}
            \centering

            \begin{tikzpicture}[scale = 0.35]
                \begin{axis}[
                    grid=both,
                    xlabel={$k$},
                    width=8cm,
                    height=3cm,
                    scale only axis,
                ]
                    \addplot +[mark=none, line width=0.7pt]
                        table [col sep=comma, x=k, y=comb_r_s_4]
                            {res/proximal/comp_bch_7_4_combined.csv};
                    \addplot +[mark=none]
                        table [col sep=comma, x=k, y=grad_L_4]
                            {res/proximal/comp_bch_7_4_combined.csv};
                    \addplot +[mark=none]
                        table [col sep=comma, x=k, y=grad_h_4]
                        {res/proximal/comp_bch_7_4_combined.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{est}
                    \addlegendentry{$\nabla L$}
                    \addlegendentry{$\nabla h$}
                \end{axis}
            \end{tikzpicture}\\
            \begin{tikzpicture}[scale = 0.35]
                \begin{axis}[
                    grid=both,
                    xlabel={$k$},
                    width=8cm,
                    height=3cm,
                    scale only axis,
                ]
                    \addplot +[mark=none, line width=0.7pt]
                        table [col sep=comma, x=k, y=comb_r_s_5]
                            {res/proximal/comp_bch_7_4_combined.csv};
                    \addplot +[mark=none]
                        table [col sep=comma, x=k, y=grad_L_5]
                            {res/proximal/comp_bch_7_4_combined.csv};
                    \addplot +[mark=none]
                        table [col sep=comma, x=k, y=grad_h_5]
                        {res/proximal/comp_bch_7_4_combined.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{est}
                    \addlegendentry{$\nabla L$}
                    \addlegendentry{$\nabla h$}
                \end{axis}
            \end{tikzpicture}\\
            \begin{tikzpicture}[scale = 0.35]
                \begin{axis}[
                    grid=both,
                    xlabel={$k$},
                    width=8cm,
                    height=3cm,
                    scale only axis,
                ]
                    \addplot +[mark=none, line width=0.7pt]
                        table [col sep=comma, x=k, y=comb_r_s_6]
                            {res/proximal/comp_bch_7_4_combined.csv};
                    \addplot +[mark=none]
                        table [col sep=comma, x=k, y=grad_L_6]
                            {res/proximal/comp_bch_7_4_combined.csv};
                    \addplot +[mark=none]
                        table [col sep=comma, x=k, y=grad_h_6]
                        {res/proximal/comp_bch_7_4_combined.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{est}
                    \addlegendentry{$\nabla L$}
                    \addlegendentry{$\nabla h$}
                \end{axis}
            \end{tikzpicture}
        \end{minipage}

        \caption{Internal variables of proximal decoder as a function of $k$ ($n=7$)\footnotemark}

        \footnotetext{A single decoding is shown, using the BCH$\left( 7,4 \right) $ code;
                      $\gamma = 0.05, \omega = 0.05, E_b / N_0 = \SI{5}{dB}$}
    \end{figure}
\end{frame}


%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}[t]
    \frametitle{Proximal Decoder: Oscillation of $\nabla h\left( \boldsymbol{x} \right) $}
    \setcounter{footnote}{0} 
   
    \begin{itemize}
        \item For larger $n$, the Gradient itself starts to oscillate
        \item The Amplitude of the oscillation seems to be highly correlated
              with the probability of a bit error
    \end{itemize}

    \todo{Fix $K=200\ne 400$}

    \begin{figure}
        \centering

        \begin{subfigure}[c]{0.5\textwidth}
            \centering

            \begin{tikzpicture}[scale = 0.85]
                \begin{axis}[
                    grid=both,
                    xlabel={$k$},
                    width=8cm,
                    height=3cm,
                    scale only axis,
                ]
                    \addplot +[mark=none, line width=0.7pt]
                        table [col sep=comma, x=k, y=comb_r_s_0]
                            {res/proximal/extreme_components_20433484_combined.csv};
                    \addplot +[mark=none]
                        table [col sep=comma, x=k, y=grad_L_0]
                            {res/proximal/extreme_components_20433484_combined.csv};
                    \addplot +[mark=none]
                        table [col sep=comma, x=k, y=grad_h_0]
                            {res/proximal/extreme_components_20433484_combined.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{est}
                    \addlegendentry{$\nabla L$}
                    \addlegendentry{$\nabla h$}
                \end{axis}
            \end{tikzpicture}

            \caption{Internal variables of proximal decoder as a function of k
                     ($n=204$)\footnotemark}
        \end{subfigure}%
        \begin{subfigure}[c]{0.5\textwidth}
            \centering

            \begin{tikzpicture}[scale = 0.85]
                \begin{axis}[
                    point meta min = -1,
                    point meta max = 1,
                    grid=both,
                    xlabel={$Var\left( \nabla h\left( \boldsymbol{x} \right)  \right) $},
                    ylabel={bit error (bool)},
                    ytick={0, 1},
                    width=8cm,
                    height=3cm,
                    scale only axis,
%                    colormap/viridis,
                ]
                    \addplot [Brown, only marks,]
                        table [col sep=comma, x=grad_h_vars, y=bit_error]
                            {res/proximal/extreme_components_20433484_variance.csv};
                \end{axis}
            \end{tikzpicture}

            \caption{Corellation between bit error and amplitude of oscillation}
        \end{subfigure}
    \end{figure}


    \footnotetext{A single decoding is shown, using a (3,6) regular LDPC Code
                  with $n=204, k=102$ \cite[\text{204.33.484}]{mackay_enc};
                  $\gamma = 0.05, \omega = 0.05, E_b / N_0 = \SI{5}{dB}$}
\end{frame}


%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%\newcommand{\tikzbracemark}[1]{\tikz[overlay,remember picture] \node (#1) {};}
%
%\newcommand*{\AddNote}[4]{%
%    \begin{tikzpicture}[overlay, remember picture]
%        \draw [decoration={brace,amplitude=0.5em},decorate,ultra thick]
%            ($(#3)!([yshift=1.5ex]#1)!($(#3)-(0,1)$)$) --  
%            ($(#3)!(#2)!($(#3)-(0,1)$)$)
%                node [align=center, text width=2cm, pos=0.5, anchor=west] {#4};
%    \end{tikzpicture}
%}%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%\begin{frame}[t, fragile]
%    \frametitle{Proximal Decoding: Improvement using ``ML-on-List''}
%    \setcounter{footnote}{0} 
%
%    \begin{itemize}
%        \item Comparison of proximal \& hybrid-proximal-ML\\
%            decoding simulation
%            \footnote{(3,6) regular LDPC Code with $n=204, k=102$
%                \cite[Code: 204.33.484]{mackay_enc}}
%            results
%    \end{itemize}
%
%    \begin{minipage}{.4\textwidth}
%        \centering
%
%        \begin{algorithm}[caption={}, label={},
%            basicstyle=\fontsize{6.5}{7.5}\selectfont
%            ]
%$\boldsymbol{s}^{\left( 0 \right)} = \boldsymbol{0}$$\hspace{4.185cm}\tikzbracemark{prox-start}$
%for $k=0$ to $K-1$ do
%    $\boldsymbol{r}^{\left( k+1 \right)} = \boldsymbol{s}^{(k)} - \omega \nabla L \left( \boldsymbol{s}^{(k)}; \boldsymbol{y} \right) $
%    Compute $\nabla h\left( \boldsymbol{r}^{\left( k+1 \right) } \right)$
%    $\boldsymbol{s}^{\left( k+1 \right)} = \boldsymbol{r}^{(k+1)} - \gamma \nabla h\left( \boldsymbol{r}^{\left( k+1 \right) } \right) $
%    $\boldsymbol{\hat{x}} = \text{sign}\left( \boldsymbol{s}^{\left( k+1 \right) } \right) $
%    If $\boldsymbol{\hat{x}}$ passes the parity check condition, output $\boldsymbol{\hat{x}}$
%end for $\tikzbracemark{prox-end}$
%Find $N$ most probably wrong bits $\hspace{2cm}\tikzbracemark{ml-start}$
%Generate variations $\boldsymbol{\tilde{x}}_n$ of $\boldsymbol{\hat{x}}$ with the $N$ bits modified
%Compute $d\left( \boldsymbol{ \tilde{x}}_n, \boldsymbol{\hat{x}} \right) \forall n \in \left[ 1 : N-1 \right] $
%Output $\boldsymbol{\tilde{x}}_n$ with lowest $d\left( \boldsymbol{ \tilde{x}}_n, \boldsymbol{\hat{x}} \right)$ $\tikzbracemark{ml-end}$
%        \end{algorithm}
%
%    \AddNote{prox-start}{prox-end}{prox-start}{\small Proximal\\Decoding}
%    \AddNote{ml-start}{ml-end}{ml-start}{\small ML-on-List}
%    \end{minipage}%
%    \begin{minipage}{.6\textwidth}
%        \centering
%        \begin{figure}[H]
%            \centering
%            \vspace*{-12mm}
%        
%            \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.42]
%                \begin{axis}[
%                    grid=both,
%                    xlabel={SNR}, ylabel={BER},
%                    ymode=log,
%                    legend style={at={(0.05,0.05)},anchor=south west},
%                    ymax=1.5, ymin=3e-8,
%                ]
%
%                \addplot table [x=SNR, y=BER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.05}]
%                    {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
%                \addlegendentry{proximal}
%                \addplot table [x=SNR, y=BER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.05}]
%                    {res/hybrid/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
%                \addlegendentry{hybrid prox. \& ML}
%                \end{axis}
%            \end{tikzpicture}
%            \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.42]
%                \begin{axis}[
%                    grid=both,
%                    xlabel={SNR}, ylabel={FER},
%                    ymode=log,
%                    legend style={at={(0.05,0.05)},anchor=south west},
%                    ymax=1.5, ymin=3e-8,
%                ]
%
%                \addplot table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.05}]
%                    {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
%                \addlegendentry{proximal}
%                \addplot table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.05}]
%                    {res/hybrid/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
%                \addlegendentry{hybrid prox. \& ML}
%                \end{axis}
%            \end{tikzpicture}\\
%            \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.42]
%                \begin{axis}[
%                    grid=both,
%                    xlabel={SNR}, ylabel={Decoding Failure Rate},
%                    ymode=log,
%                    legend style={at={(0.05,0.05)},anchor=south west},
%                    ymax=1.5, ymin=3e-8,
%                ]
%
%                \addplot table [x=SNR, y=DFR, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.05}]
%                    {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
%                \addlegendentry{proximal}
%                \addplot table [x=SNR, y=DFR, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.05}]
%                    {res/hybrid/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
%                \addlegendentry{hybrid prox. \& ML}
%                \end{axis}
%            \end{tikzpicture}
%        
%            \caption{Simulation results for $\gamma = 0.05, \omega = 0.05, K=200, N=12$}
%            \label{fig:simulation_results_hybrid}
%        \end{figure}
%    \end{minipage} 
%\end{frame}


%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}[t, fragile]
    \frametitle{Proximal Decoding: Improvement using ``ML-on-List''}
    \setcounter{footnote}{0} 

    \begin{itemize}
        \item Improvement of proximal decoding by adding an ``ML-on-list'' step after iterating
    \end{itemize}

    \begin{minipage}[t]{.48\textwidth}
        \centering

        \begin{figure}
           \centering

            \begin{algorithm}[caption={}, label={},
            basicstyle=\fontsize{7.5}{9.5}\selectfont
            ]
$\boldsymbol{s}^{\left( 0 \right)} = \boldsymbol{0}$
for $k=0$ to $K-1$ do
    $\boldsymbol{r}^{\left( k+1 \right)} = \boldsymbol{s}^{(k)} - \omega \nabla L \left( \boldsymbol{s}^{(k)}; \boldsymbol{y} \right) $
    Compute $\nabla h\left( \boldsymbol{r}^{\left( k+1 \right) } \right)$
    $\boldsymbol{s}^{\left( k+1 \right)} = \boldsymbol{r}^{(k+1)} - \gamma \nabla h\left( \boldsymbol{r}^{\left( k+1 \right) } \right) $
    $\boldsymbol{\hat{x}} = \text{sign}\left( \boldsymbol{s}^{\left( k+1 \right) } \right) $
    If $\boldsymbol{\hat{x}}$ passes the parity check condition, break the loop.
end for
Output $\boldsymbol{\hat{x}}$
            \end{algorithm}

            \caption{Proximal decoding algorithm \cite{proximal_paper}}
        \end{figure}

    \end{minipage}%
    \hfill\begin{minipage}[t]{.48\textwidth}
        \centering
        \begin{figure}
           \centering 

            \begin{algorithm}[caption={}, label={},
            basicstyle=\fontsize{7.5}{9.5}\selectfont
            ]
$\boldsymbol{s}^{\left( 0 \right)} = \boldsymbol{0}$
for $k=0$ to $K-1$ do
    $\boldsymbol{r}^{\left( k+1 \right)} = \boldsymbol{s}^{(k)} - \omega \nabla L \left( \boldsymbol{s}^{(k)}; \boldsymbol{y} \right) $
    Compute $\nabla h\left( \boldsymbol{r}^{\left( k+1 \right) } \right)$
    $\boldsymbol{s}^{\left( k+1 \right)} = \boldsymbol{r}^{(k+1)} - \gamma \nabla h\left( \boldsymbol{r}^{\left( k+1 \right) } \right) $
    $\boldsymbol{\hat{x}} = \text{sign}\left( \boldsymbol{s}^{\left( k+1 \right) } \right) $
    $\textcolor{KITblue}{\text{If }\boldsymbol{\hat{x}}\text{ passes the parity check condition, output }\boldsymbol{\hat{x}}}$
end for
$\textcolor{KITblue}{\text{Find }N\text{ most probably wrong bits.}}$
$\textcolor{KITblue}{\text{Generate variations } \boldsymbol{\tilde{x}}_n\text{ of }\boldsymbol{\hat{x}}\text{ with the }N\text{ bits modified.}}$
$\textcolor{KITblue}{\text{Compute }d_H\left( \boldsymbol{ \tilde{x}}_n, \boldsymbol{\hat{x}} \right) \forall n \in \left[ 1 : N-1 \right]}$
$\textcolor{KITblue}{\text{Output }\boldsymbol{\tilde{x}}_n\text{ with lowest }d_H\left( \boldsymbol{ \tilde{x}}_n, \boldsymbol{\hat{x}} \right)}$
            \end{algorithm}

            \caption{Hybrid proximal \& ML decoding algorithm}
        \end{figure}
    \end{minipage} 
\end{frame}


%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}[t]
    \frametitle{Proximal Decoding: Improvement using ``ML-on-List''}
   
    \begin{itemize}
        \item Comparison of proximal \& hybrid proximal-ML (correction of $N = \SI{12}{\bit}$)
            decoding simulation
            \footnote{(3,6) regular LDPC Code with $n=204, k=102$
                \cite[Code: 204.33.484]{mackay_enc}}
            results
    \end{itemize}

    \begin{figure}[H]
        \centering
    
        \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.55]
            \begin{axis}[
                grid=both,
                xlabel={$E_b / N_0$}, ylabel={BER},
                ymode=log,
                legend columns=2,
                legend style={at={(0.5,-0.45)},anchor=south},
                ymax=1.5, ymin=3e-8,
            ]
                \addplot[ForestGreen, mark=*, solid]
                    table [x=SNR, y=BER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.15}]
                        {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
                \addlegendentry{proximal, $\gamma = 0.15$}
                \addplot[Emerald, mark=triangle, densely dashed]
                    table [x=SNR, y=BER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.15}]
                        {res/hybrid/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
                \addlegendentry{hybrid $\gamma = 0.15$}
                
                    \addplot[NavyBlue, mark=*, solid]
                    table [x=SNR, y=BER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.01}]
                        {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
                \addlegendentry{proximal, $\gamma = 0.01$}
                \addplot[RoyalPurple, mark=triangle, densely dashed]
                    table [x=SNR, y=BER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.01}]
                        {res/hybrid/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
                \addlegendentry{hybrid, $\gamma = 0.01$}

                \addplot[RedOrange, mark=*, solid]
                    table [x=SNR, y=BER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.05}]
                        {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
                \addlegendentry{proximal, $\gamma = 0.05$}
                \addplot[red, mark=triangle, densely dashed]
                    table [x=SNR, y=BER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.05}]
                        {res/hybrid/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
                \addlegendentry{hybrid, $\gamma = 0.05$}
            \end{axis}
        \end{tikzpicture}
        \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.55]
            \begin{axis}[
                grid=both,
                xlabel={$E_b / N_0$}, ylabel={FER},
                ymode=log,
                legend columns=2,
                legend style={at={(0.5,-0.45)},anchor=south},
                ymax=1.5, ymin=3e-8,
            ]

                \addplot[ForestGreen, mark=*, solid]
                    table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.15}]
                        {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
                \addlegendentry{proximal, $\gamma = 0.15$}
                \addplot[Emerald, mark=triangle, densely dashed]
                    table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.15}]
                        {res/hybrid/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
                \addlegendentry{hybrid, $\gamma = 0.15$}
                
                    \addplot[NavyBlue, mark=*, solid]
                    table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.01}]
                        {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
                \addlegendentry{proximal, $\gamma = 0.01$}
                \addplot[RoyalPurple, mark=triangle, densely dashed]
                    table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.01}]
                        {res/hybrid/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
                \addlegendentry{hybrid, $\gamma = 0.01$}

                \addplot[RedOrange, mark=*, solid]
                    table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.05}]
                        {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
                \addlegendentry{proximal, $\gamma = 0.05$}
                \addplot[red, mark=triangle, densely dashed]
                    table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.05}]
                        {res/hybrid/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
                \addlegendentry{hybrid, $\gamma = 0.05$}
            \end{axis}
        \end{tikzpicture}
        \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.55]
            \begin{axis}[
                grid=both,
                xlabel={$E_b / N_0$}, ylabel={Decoding Failure Rate},
                ymode=log,
                legend columns=2,
                legend style={at={(0.5,-0.45)},anchor=south},
                ymax=1.5, ymin=3e-8,
            ]
                
                \addplot[ForestGreen, mark=*, solid]
                    table [x=SNR, y=DFR, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.15}]
                        {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
                \addlegendentry{proximal, $\gamma = 0.15$}
                \addplot[Emerald, mark=triangle, densely dashed]
                    table [x=SNR, y=DFR, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.15}]
                        {res/hybrid/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
                \addlegendentry{hybrid, $\gamma = 0.15$}
                
                    \addplot[NavyBlue, mark=*, solid]
                    table [x=SNR, y=DFR, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.01}]
                        {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
                \addlegendentry{proximal, $\gamma = 0.01$}
                \addplot[RoyalPurple, mark=triangle, densely dashed]
                    table [x=SNR, y=DFR, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.01}]
                        {res/hybrid/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
                \addlegendentry{hybrid, $\gamma = 0.01$}

                \addplot[RedOrange, mark=*, solid]
                    table [x=SNR, y=DFR, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.05}]
                        {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
                \addlegendentry{proximal, $\gamma = 0.05$}
                \addplot[red, mark=triangle, densely dashed]
                    table [x=SNR, y=DFR, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.05}]
                        {res/hybrid/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
                \addlegendentry{hybrid, $\gamma = 0.05$}
            \end{axis}
        \end{tikzpicture}
    
        \caption{Simulation results for $\gamma = 0.05, \omega = 0.05, K=200, N=12$}
        \label{fig:simulation_results_hybrid}
    \end{figure}
\end{frame}


%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}[t]
    \frametitle{Proximal Decoding: Improvement using ``ML-on-List''}
   
    \begin{figure}[H]
        \vspace*{-0.5cm}
        \centering
        \begin{subfigure}[c]{0.33\textwidth}
            \centering

            \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.37]
                \begin{axis}[
                    grid=both,
                    xlabel={$E_b / N_0$}, ylabel={FER},
                    ymode=log,
                    legend columns=1,
                    legend pos=outer north east,
                    %legend columns=2,
                    %legend style={at={(0.5,-0.45)},anchor=south},
                    ymax=1.5, ymin=3e-8,
                ]

                    \addplot[ForestGreen, mark=*, solid]
                        table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.15}]
                            {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_963965.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{proximal, $\gamma = 0.15$}
                    \addplot[Emerald, mark=triangle, densely dashed]
                        table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.15}]
                            {res/hybrid/2d_ber_fer_dfr_963965.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{hybrid, $\gamma = 0.15$}
                    
                        \addplot[NavyBlue, mark=*, solid]
                        table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.01}]
                            {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_963965.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{proximal, $\gamma = 0.01$}
                    \addplot[RoyalPurple, mark=triangle, densely dashed]
                        table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.01}]
                            {res/hybrid/2d_ber_fer_dfr_963965.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{hybrid, $\gamma = 0.01$}

                    \addplot[RedOrange, mark=*, solid]
                        table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.05}]
                            {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_963965.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{proximal, $\gamma = 0.05$}
                    \addplot[red, mark=triangle, densely dashed]
                        table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.05}]
                            {res/hybrid/2d_ber_fer_dfr_963965.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{hybrid, $\gamma = 0.05$}
                \end{axis}
            \end{tikzpicture}
            \caption{$\left( 3, 6 \right)$-regular LDPC code with $n=96, k=48$ \cite[\text{96.3.965}]{mackay_enc}}
        \end{subfigure}%
        \begin{subfigure}[c]{0.33\textwidth}
            \centering
            \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.37]
                \begin{axis}[
                    grid=both,
                    xlabel={$E_b / N_0$}, ylabel={FER},
                    ymode=log,
                    legend columns=1,
                    legend pos=outer north east,
                    xmin=0.5, xmax=6, xtick={1, ..., 5},
                    ymax=1.5, ymin=3e-8,
                ]

                    \addplot[ForestGreen, mark=*, solid,]
                        table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma,
                               discard if not={gamma}{0.15},
                               discard if gt={SNR}{5.5},]
                            {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{proximal, $\gamma = 0.15$}
                    \addplot[Emerald, mark=triangle, densely dashed]
                        table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma,
                               discard if not={gamma}{0.15},
                               discard if gt={SNR}{5.5},]
                            {res/hybrid/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{hybrid, $\gamma = 0.15$}
                    
                        \addplot[NavyBlue, mark=*, solid]
                        table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma,
                               discard if not={gamma}{0.01},
                               discard if gt={SNR}{5.5},]
                            {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{proximal, $\gamma = 0.01$}
                    \addplot[RoyalPurple, mark=triangle, densely dashed]
                        table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma,
                               discard if not={gamma}{0.01},
                               discard if gt={SNR}{5.5},]
                            {res/hybrid/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{hybrid, $\gamma = 0.01$}

                    \addplot[RedOrange, mark=*, solid]
                        table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma,
                               discard if not={gamma}{0.05},
                               discard if gt={SNR}{5.5},]
                            {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{proximal, $\gamma = 0.05$}
                    \addplot[red, mark=triangle, densely dashed]
                        table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma,
                               discard if not={gamma}{0.05},
                               discard if gt={SNR}{5.5},]
                            {res/hybrid/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20433484.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{hybrid, $\gamma = 0.05$}
                \end{axis}
            \end{tikzpicture}
        \caption{$\left( 3, 6 \right)$-regular LDPC code with $n=204, k=102$ \cite[\text{204.33.484}]{mackay_enc}}
        \end{subfigure}%
        \begin{subfigure}[c]{0.33\textwidth}
            \centering
            \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.37]
                \begin{axis}[
                    grid=both,
                    xlabel={$E_b / N_0$}, ylabel={FER},
                    ymode=log,
                    legend columns=1,
                    legend pos=outer north east,
                    %legend columns=2,
                    %legend style={at={(0.5,-0.45)},anchor=south},
                    ymax=1.5, ymin=3e-8,
                ]

                    \addplot[ForestGreen, mark=*, solid]
                        table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.15}]
                            {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_40833844.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{proximal, $\gamma = 0.15$}
                    \addplot[Emerald, mark=triangle, densely dashed]
                        table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.15}]
                            {res/hybrid/2d_ber_fer_dfr_40833844.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{hybrid, $\gamma = 0.15$}
                    
                        \addplot[NavyBlue, mark=*, solid]
                        table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.01}]
                            {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_40833844.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{proximal, $\gamma = 0.01$}
                    \addplot[RoyalPurple, mark=triangle, densely dashed]
                        table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.01}]
                            {res/hybrid/2d_ber_fer_dfr_40833844.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{hybrid, $\gamma = 0.01$}

                    \addplot[RedOrange, mark=*, solid]
                        table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.05}]
                            {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_40833844.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{proximal, $\gamma = 0.05$}
                    \addplot[red, mark=triangle, densely dashed]
                        table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.05}]
                            {res/hybrid/2d_ber_fer_dfr_40833844.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{hybrid, $\gamma = 0.05$}
                \end{axis}
            \end{tikzpicture}
        \caption{$\left( 3, 6 \right)$-regular LDPC code with $n=408, k=204$ \cite[\text{408.33.844}]{mackay_enc}}
        \end{subfigure}
        \begin{subfigure}[c]{0.33\textwidth}
            \centering
            \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.37]
                \begin{axis}[
                    grid=both,
                    xlabel={$E_b / N_0$}, ylabel={FER},
                    ymode=log,
                    legend columns=1,
                    legend pos=outer north east,
                    %legend columns=2,
                    %legend style={at={(0.5,-0.45)},anchor=south},
                    ymax=1.5, ymin=3e-8,
                ]

                    \addplot[ForestGreen, mark=*, solid]
                        table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.15}]
                            {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_bch_31_26.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{proximal, $\gamma = 0.15$}
                    \addplot[Emerald, mark=triangle, densely dashed]
                        table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.15}]
                            {res/hybrid/2d_ber_fer_dfr_bch_31_26.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{hybrid, $\gamma = 0.15$}
                    
                        \addplot[NavyBlue, mark=*, solid]
                        table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.01}]
                            {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_bch_31_26.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{proximal, $\gamma = 0.01$}
                    \addplot[RoyalPurple, mark=triangle, densely dashed]
                        table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.01}]
                            {res/hybrid/2d_ber_fer_dfr_bch_31_26.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{hybrid, $\gamma = 0.01$}

                    \addplot[RedOrange, mark=*, solid]
                        table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.05}]
                            {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_bch_31_26.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{proximal, $\gamma = 0.05$}
                    \addplot[red, mark=triangle, densely dashed]
                        table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.05}]
                            {res/hybrid/2d_ber_fer_dfr_bch_31_26.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{hybrid, $\gamma = 0.05$}
                \end{axis}
            \end{tikzpicture}
            \caption{BCH code with $n=31, k=26$\\[\baselineskip]}
        \end{subfigure}%
        \begin{subfigure}[c]{0.33\textwidth}
            \centering
            \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.37]
                \begin{axis}[
                    grid=both,
                    xlabel={$E_b / N_0$}, ylabel={FER},
                    ymode=log,
                    legend columns=1,
                    legend pos=outer north east,
                    %legend columns=2,
                    %legend style={at={(0.5,-0.45)},anchor=south},
                    ymax=1.5, ymin=3e-8,
                ]

                    \addplot[ForestGreen, mark=*, solid]
                        table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.15}]
                            {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20455187.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{proximal, $\gamma = 0.15$}
                    \addplot[Emerald, mark=triangle, densely dashed]
                        table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.15}]
                            {res/hybrid/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20455187.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{hybrid, $\gamma = 0.15$}
                    
                        \addplot[NavyBlue, mark=*, solid]
                        table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.01}]
                            {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20455187.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{proximal, $\gamma = 0.01$}
                    \addplot[RoyalPurple, mark=triangle, densely dashed]
                        table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.01}]
                            {res/hybrid/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20455187.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{hybrid, $\gamma = 0.01$}

                    \addplot[RedOrange, mark=*, solid]
                        table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.05}]
                            {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20455187.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{proximal, $\gamma = 0.05$}
                    \addplot[red, mark=triangle, densely dashed]
                        table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.05}]
                            {res/hybrid/2d_ber_fer_dfr_20455187.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{hybrid, $\gamma = 0.05$}
                \end{axis}
            \end{tikzpicture}
        \caption{$\left( 5, 10 \right)$-regular LDPC code with $n=204, k=102$ \cite[\text{204.55.187}]{mackay_enc}}
        \end{subfigure}%
        \begin{subfigure}[c]{0.33\textwidth}
            \centering
            \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.37]
                \begin{axis}[
                    grid=both,
                    xlabel={$E_b / N_0$}, ylabel={FER},
                    ymode=log,
                    legend columns=1,
                    legend pos=outer north east,
                    ymax=1.5, ymin=3e-8,
                ]

                    \addplot[ForestGreen, mark=*, solid]
                        table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.15}]
                            {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_pegreg252x504.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{proximal, $\gamma = 0.15$}
                    \addplot[Emerald, mark=triangle, densely dashed]
                        table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.15}]
                            {res/hybrid/2d_ber_fer_dfr_pegreg252x504.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{hybrid, $\gamma = 0.15$}
                    
                        \addplot[NavyBlue, mark=*, solid]
                        table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.01}]
                            {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_pegreg252x504.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{proximal, $\gamma = 0.01$}
                    \addplot[RoyalPurple, mark=triangle, densely dashed]
                        table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.01}]
                            {res/hybrid/2d_ber_fer_dfr_pegreg252x504.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{hybrid, $\gamma = 0.01$}

                    \addplot[RedOrange, mark=*, solid]
                        table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.05}]
                            {res/proximal/2d_ber_fer_dfr_pegreg252x504.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{proximal, $\gamma = 0.05$}
                    \addplot[red, mark=triangle, densely dashed]
                        table [x=SNR, y=FER, col sep=comma, discard if not={gamma}{0.05}]
                            {res/hybrid/2d_ber_fer_dfr_pegreg252x504.csv};
                    \addlegendentry{hybrid, $\gamma = 0.05$}
                \end{axis}
            \end{tikzpicture}
        \caption{LDPC code (Progressive Edge Growth Construction) with $n=504, k=252$ \cite[\text{PEGReg252x504}]{mackay_enc}}
        \end{subfigure}%
    \end{figure}
\end{frame}


%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}[t]
    \frametitle{Proximal Decoding: Average Error}
    \setcounter{footnote}{0} 
  
    \begin{figure}[H]
        \vspace*{-0.5cm}
        \centering
    
        \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.7]
            \begin{axis}[
                grid=both,
                xlabel={k},
                ylabel={Average $\left| \boldsymbol{x}-\boldsymbol{\hat{x}} \right|$},
            ]
            \addplot table [col sep=comma,
                            discard if not={omega}{0.0774263682681127},
                            x=k, y=err, mark=none]
                        {res/proximal/2d_avg_error_20433484_1db.csv};
            \addlegendentry{$E_b / N_0 = \SI{1}{dB}$}
            \addplot table [col sep=comma,
                            discard if not={omega}{0.0774263682681127},
                            x=k, y=err, mark=none]
                        {res/proximal/2d_avg_error_20433484_3db.csv};
            \addlegendentry{$E_b / N_0 = \SI{3}{dB}$}
            \addplot table [col sep=comma,
                            discard if not={omega}{0.052233450742668434},
                            x=k, y=err, mark=none]
                        {res/proximal/2d_avg_error_20433484_5db.csv};
            \addlegendentry{$E_b / N_0 = \SI{5}{dB}$}
            \addplot table [col sep=comma,
                            discard if not={omega}{0.052233450742668434},
                            x=k, y=err, mark=none]
                        {res/proximal/2d_avg_error_20433484_8db.csv};
            \addlegendentry{$E_b / N_0 = \SI{8}{dB}$}
            \end{axis}
        \end{tikzpicture}
    
        \caption{Average error for $\SI{500000}{decodings},
                 \omega = 0.05, \gamma = 0.05, K=200$\footnotemark}
    \end{figure}
        
    \footnotetext{Simulation performed with (3,6) regular LDPC Code with $n=204, k=102$
        \cite[Code: 204.33.484]{mackay_enc}}

    \begin{itemize}
        \item For large $k$, the average error asymptotically approaches a minimum, non-zero value
    \end{itemize}
\end{frame}


%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%\begin{frame}[t, fragile]
%    \frametitle{Proximal Decoding: Improvement using ``ML-on-List''}
%    \setcounter{footnote}{0} 
%
%    \begin{itemize}
%        \item Improvement of proximal decoding by adding an ``ML-on-list'' step after iterating
%    \end{itemize}
%
%    \begin{minipage}[t]{.48\textwidth}
%        \centering
%
%        \begin{figure}
%           \centering
%
%            \begin{algorithm}[caption={}, label={},
%            basicstyle=\fontsize{7.5}{9.5}\selectfont
%            ]
%$\boldsymbol{s}^{\left( 0 \right)} = \boldsymbol{0}$
%for $k=0$ to $K-1$ do
%    $\boldsymbol{r}^{\left( k+1 \right)} = \boldsymbol{s}^{(k)} - \omega \nabla L \left( \boldsymbol{s}^{(k)}; \boldsymbol{y} \right) $
%    Compute $\nabla h\left( \boldsymbol{r}^{\left( k+1 \right) } \right)$
%    $\boldsymbol{s}^{\left( k+1 \right)} = \boldsymbol{r}^{(k+1)} - \gamma \nabla h\left( \boldsymbol{r}^{\left( k+1 \right) } \right) $
%    $\boldsymbol{\hat{x}} = \text{sign}\left( \boldsymbol{s}^{\left( k+1 \right) } \right) $
%    If $\boldsymbol{\hat{x}}$ passes the parity check condition, break the loop.
%end for
%Output $\boldsymbol{\hat{x}}$
%            \end{algorithm}
%
%            \caption{Proximal decoding algorithm \cite{proximal_paper}}
%        \end{figure}
%
%    \end{minipage}%
%    \hfill\begin{minipage}[t]{.48\textwidth}
%        \centering
%        \begin{figure}
%           \centering 
%
%            \begin{algorithm}[caption={}, label={},
%            basicstyle=\fontsize{7.5}{9.5}\selectfont
%            ]
%$\boldsymbol{s}^{\left( 0 \right)} = \boldsymbol{0}$
%for $k=0$ to $K-1$ do
%    $\boldsymbol{r}^{\left( k+1 \right)} = \boldsymbol{s}^{(k)} - \omega \nabla L \left( \boldsymbol{s}^{(k)}; \boldsymbol{y} \right) $
%    Compute $\nabla h\left( \boldsymbol{r}^{\left( k+1 \right) } \right)$
%    $\boldsymbol{s}^{\left( k+1 \right)} = \boldsymbol{r}^{(k+1)} - \gamma \nabla h\left( \boldsymbol{r}^{\left( k+1 \right) } \right) $
%    $\boldsymbol{\hat{x}} = \text{sign}\left( \boldsymbol{s}^{\left( k+1 \right) } \right) $
%    $\textcolor{KITblue}{\text{If }\boldsymbol{\hat{x}}\text{ passes the parity check condition, output }\boldsymbol{\hat{x}}}$
%end for
%$\textcolor{KITblue}{\text{Find }N\text{ most probably wrong bits.}}$
%$\textcolor{KITblue}{\text{Generate variations } \boldsymbol{\tilde{x}}_n\text{ of }\boldsymbol{\hat{x}}\text{ with the }N\text{ bits modified.}}$
%$\textcolor{KITblue}{\text{Compute }\langle \boldsymbol{ \tilde{x}}_n, \boldsymbol{\hat{x}} \rangle \forall n \in \left[ 1 : N-1 \right]}$
%$\textcolor{KITblue}{\text{Output }\boldsymbol{\tilde{x}}_n\text{ with lowest }\langle \boldsymbol{ \tilde{x}}_n, \boldsymbol{\hat{x}} \rangle}$
%            \end{algorithm}
%
%            \caption{Hybrid proximal \& ML decoding algorithm}
%        \end{figure}
%    \end{minipage} 
%\end{frame}


%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\subsection{ADMM: Examination Results}%
\label{sub:Ex ADMM}

\begin{frame}[t]
    \frametitle{ADMM}

    \todo{TODO}
\end{frame}

