Reformatted all code
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@@ -1 +1,2 @@
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"""This package contains a number of different decoder implementations for LDPC codes."""
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"""This package contains a number of different decoder implementations for
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LDPC codes."""
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@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@ import itertools
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class MLDecoder:
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"""This class naively implements a soft decision decoder. The decoder calculates
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the correlation between the received signal and each codeword and then chooses the
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one with the largest correlation.
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"""This class naively implements a soft decision decoder. The decoder
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calculates the correlation between the received signal and each codeword
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and then chooses the one with the largest correlation.
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"""
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def __init__(self, G: np.array, H: np.array):
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@@ -17,13 +17,15 @@ class MLDecoder:
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self._G = G
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self._H = H
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self._datawords, self._codewords = self._gen_codewords()
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self._codewords_bpsk = 1 - 2 * self._codewords # The codewords, but mapped to [-1, 1]^n
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# The codewords, but mapped to [-1, 1]^n
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self._codewords_bpsk = 1 - 2 * self._codewords
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def _gen_codewords(self) -> np.array:
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"""Generate a list of all possible codewords.
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:return: Numpy array of the form [[codeword_1], [codeword_2], ...]
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(Each generated codeword is an element of [0, 1]^n)
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(Each generated codeword is an element of [0, 1]^n)
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"""
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k, n = self._G.shape
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@@ -41,8 +43,8 @@ class MLDecoder:
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This function assumes a BPSK modulated signal.
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:param y: Vector of received values. (y = x + w, where 'x' is element of [-1, 1]^n
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and 'w' is noise)
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:param y: Vector of received values. (y = x + w, where 'x' is
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element of [-1, 1]^n and 'w' is noise)
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:return: Most probably sent codeword (element of [0, 1]^k)
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"""
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correlations = np.dot(self._codewords_bpsk, y)
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@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@ import numpy as np
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class ProximalDecoder:
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"""Class implementing the Proximal Decoding algorithm. See "Proximal Decoding for LDPC Codes"
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"""Class implementing the Proximal Decoding algorithm. See "Proximal
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Decoding for LDPC Codes"
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by Tadashi Wadayama, and Satoshi Takabe.
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"""
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@@ -13,7 +14,8 @@ class ProximalDecoder:
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:param H: Parity Check Matrix
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:param K: Max number of iterations to perform when decoding
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:param omega: Step size for the gradient descent process
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:param gamma: Positive constant. Arises in the approximation of the prior PDF
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:param gamma: Positive constant. Arises in the approximation of the
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prior PDF
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:param eta: Positive constant slightly larger than one. See 3.2, p. 3
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"""
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self._H = H
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@@ -27,8 +29,8 @@ class ProximalDecoder:
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@staticmethod
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def _L_awgn(s: np.array, y: np.array) -> np.array:
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"""Variation of the negative log-likelihood for the special case of AWGN noise.
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See 4.1, p. 4.
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"""Variation of the negative log-likelihood for the special case of
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AWGN noise. See 4.1, p. 4.
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"""
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return s - y
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@@ -41,15 +43,15 @@ class ProximalDecoder:
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# Calculate gradient
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sums = np.dot(A_prods**2 - A_prods, self._H)
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sums = np.dot(A_prods ** 2 - A_prods, self._H)
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result = 4 * (x**2 - 1) * x + (2 / x) * sums
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result = 4 * (x ** 2 - 1) * x + (2 / x) * sums
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return result
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def _projection(self, v):
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"""Project a vector onto [-eta, eta]^n in order to avoid numerical instability.
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Detailed in 3.2, p. 3 (Equation (15)).
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"""Project a vector onto [-eta, eta]^n in order to avoid numerical
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instability. Detailed in 3.2, p. 3 (Equation (15)).
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:param v: Vector to project
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:return: x clipped to [-eta, eta]^n
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@@ -60,7 +62,8 @@ class ProximalDecoder:
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"""Perform a parity check for a given codeword.
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:param x_hat: codeword to be checked (element of [0, 1]^n)
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:return: True if the parity check passes, i.e. the codeword is valid. False otherwise
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:return: True if the parity check passes, i.e. the codeword is
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valid. False otherwise
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"""
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syndrome = np.dot(self._H, x_hat) % 2
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return not np.any(syndrome)
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@@ -70,8 +73,8 @@ class ProximalDecoder:
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This function assumes a BPSK modulated signal and an AWGN channel.
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:param y: Vector of received values. (y = x + w, where 'x' is element of [-1, 1]^n
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and 'w' is noise)
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:param y: Vector of received values. (y = x + w, where 'x' is
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element of [-1, 1]^n and 'w' is noise)
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:return: Most probably sent codeword (element of [0, 1]^n)
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"""
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s = np.zeros(self._n)
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@@ -83,7 +86,9 @@ class ProximalDecoder:
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s = self._projection(s) # Equation (15)
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x_hat = np.sign(s)
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x_hat = (x_hat == -1) * 1 # Map the codeword from [-1, 1]^n to [0, 1]^n
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# Map the codeword from [ -1, 1]^n to [0, 1]^n
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x_hat = (x_hat == -1) * 1
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if self._check_parity(x_hat):
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break
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